Compiler-controlled speculation has been shown to be e ective in increasing instruction level parallelism (ILP) found in non-numeric programs. However, it is not clear the extent to which speculatively scheduled code may a ect the instruction and data caches. In particular, the amount of time spent resolving cache misses may be signi cant enough to prevent the more aggressive speculation models...

Background and aims To review the conceptual and empirical relationship between gambling, investing, and speculation. Methods An analysis of the attributes differentiating these constructs as well as identification of all articles speaking to their empirical relationship. Results Gambling differs from investment on many different attributes and should be seen as conceptually distinct. On the ot...

Since the 1960s, rapid development of institutional investors is a prominent feature of global financial market. In china, full circulation of stock will realize after the completion of Split Share Structure Reform. Under the circumstance of institutional investors holding a large scale of stock, will they change their invest style? Whether they place more emphasis on value investment and conce...

Value speculation is currently widely used in processor designs to increase the overall number of instructions executed per cycle (IPC). Current methods use sophisticated prediction techniques to speculate on the outcome of branches and execute code accordingly. Speculation can be extended to the approximation of arithmetic values. As arithmetic operations are slow to complete in pipelined exec...

Speculative episodes typically involve leverage. For example, the well known tulipmania episode was accompanied by the introduction of foward contracts which allowed speculators to take leveraged positions in tulip bulbs. More recently, the Great Crash of 1929 was exacerbated by leveraged trusts which used leverage to buy stocks. These leveraged trusts could in turn be bought on margin which al...

Computing is undergoing a seismic shift from client/server to the cloud, a shift similar in importance and impact to the transition from mainframe to client/server. Speculation abounds on how this new era will evolve in the coming years, and IT leaders have a critical need for a clear vision of where the industry is heading. We believe the best way to form this vision is to understand the under...

Computing is undergoing a seismic shift from client/server to the cloud, a shift similar in importance and impact to the transition from mainframe to client/server. Speculation abounds on how this new era will evolve in the coming years, and IT leaders have a critical need for a clear vision of where the industry is heading. We believe the best way to form this vision is to understand the under...

This paper presents SUDS (Software Un-Do System), a data speculation system for Raw processors. SUDS manages speculation in software. The key to managing speculation in software is to use the compiler to minimize the number of data items that need to be managed at runtime. Managing speculation in software enables Raw processors to achieve good performance on integer applications without sacrifi...

Multithreaded programming, which well fits the structure of modern shared memory systems, is becoming one of the most popular parallel programming models. Two important supporting components of multithreaded programming, concurrent data structures and transactional memory, can benefit from speculation. However, traditional speculation mechanisms, which do not exploit high level knowledge about ...