study the effective geographical factors on formation of retire governments and their consequences for persian gulfabstractoil is the most political and most important good in today’s world economy undoubtedly. rant phenomenon and rentier governments have been a subject of great interest as a reason for rentier governments between researchers. rant can be described as an income which is earned ...

The Political Economy of Conscription Though in decline recently, military conscription is still a widely used mode of staffing armies. Since not many valid economic, social or military arguments in favor of the draft can be put forward, the question emerges why societies choose to rely on it. In this survey we explain the political allure of military conscription by its specific intraand inter...

The authors claim that the critical health reform in Chilean history was the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1952. The development of modern Chilean health care since the end of the 19th century is discussed both in terms of the prevailing health situation and the subsequent evolution of institutions and policies, with an emphasis on the social and political conditions tha...

Immigration may adversely affect political stability if conflict becomes endemic among heterogeneous groups of people living in close proximity due to the process of migration. If so, the governments could respond by preventive militarisation. The results from two-stage-least squares estimation indicate that higher immigrant share significantly reduces political stability. In addition, higher i...

the buyids were originally from among the daylamids of daylam proper (khāṣ), but since the economic situation of this region was not much favorable, they joined various rules (ḥukūmas) such as the alavids of ṭabaristān and zāriyān (during the years 250/222 – 321/222) in their military uniform because of their military skills as a consequence of the circumstances in their geographical homeland a...

Today’s rapidly changing global political climate is significantly impacting the military strategies of Free World countries. Important decisions are being made regarding each country’s defense and military equipment needs. Regardless of these ongoing political changes, however, the threat of nuclear weaponry use remains a viable possibility. As long as a first-strike capability exists, radiati...

according to studies by 2050 more than 15 percent of world people, most of them are in the middle east and africa will experience severe water crisis. future water crisis is one of the most potential for international conflict and security challenges that have the potential to become a major international crisis. iran as a country with abundant water stress and is located in the critical region...

studying political terms is an approach to understading the quranic political culture. from professor kurani's point of view, a quranic political term is a word or phrase whose political aspect prevails. after explaining the research methodology in studies related to quranic political terms and culture, the writer analyses some political terms with respect to the related quranic verses.

The Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) has a long history of siding with civil protestors in times of national political crisis. In recent years, waves of popular protests, often called the Arab Spring, have affected political developments across the Arab world. This CMI Insight analyzes what role the military may have, should similar calls for political change also reach Sudan. It does so by examining t...