Our findings in the Helsinki Influenza Study and the Danish Forty Year Study lead us to conclude that a 2nd-trimester maternal influenza infection may increase risk for adult schizophrenia or adult major affective disorder. More recently we have also reported an increase of unipolar depression among offspring who were exposed prenatally to a severe earthquake (7.8 on the Richter scale) in Tangs...

Embryogenesis is an intricate process that can easily be disrupted by means of teratogenic agents. Some of these agents target the embryonic period?s ?window of susceptibility,? three to eight weeks after a pregnant woman?s last menstruation [5], when the highest degree of sensitivity to embryonic cell differentiation [6] and organ formation occurs. The embryonic period or critical period is wh...

Embryogenesis is an intricate process that can easily be disrupted by means of teratogenic agents. Some of these agents target the embryonic period?s ?window of susceptibility,? three to eight weeks after a pregnant woman?s last menstruation [5], when the highest degree of sensitivity to embryonic cell differentiation [6] and organ formation occurs. The embryonic period or critical period is wh...

The SOD phenotype is highly heterogeneous and diagnosis is made in the presence of at least two of these three features. [5] Only about a third of patients have all three features but patients with any component of the syndrome should be screened for the other features too. The cause of SOD is unknown but viral infections, gestational diabetes, environmental teratogens, vascular or degenerative...

The SOD phenotype is highly heterogeneous and diagnosis is made in the presence of at least two of these three features. [5] Only about a third of patients have all three features but patients with any component of the syndrome should be screened for the other features too. The cause of SOD is unknown but viral infections, gestational diabetes, environmental teratogens, vascular or degenerative...

With increasing incrimination of viruses, plants, and drugs as causes of ovine congenital defects, concerted efforts are required to identify environmental teratogens. Expanding knowledge of congenital defects requires studying as many defective lambs as possible; recording and documenting; detailed diagnostic examinations; genetic analyses and chromosomal examinations, whenever possible; and f...

The anticonvulsant diphenylhydantion (DPH) causes embryonic folate antagonism in the animal model of the fetal hydantoin syndrome. Thus, comparisons were made between the metabolic effects of the teratogens DPH and 9-methyl pteroylglutamic acid (9-methyl PGA), a folate antagonist. The DPH inhibited ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme in putrescine biosynthesis, and caused re...

Embryogenesis is an intricate process that can easily be disrupted by means of teratogenic agents. Some of these agents target the embryonic period?s ?window of susceptibility,? three to eight weeks after a pregnant woman?s last menstruation [5], when the highest degree of sensitivity to embryonic cell differentiation [6] and organ formation occurs. The embryonic period or critical period is wh...

Embryogenesis is an intricate process that can easily be disrupted by means of teratogenic agents. Some of these agents target the embryonic period?s ?window of susceptibility,? three to eight weeks after a pregnant woman?s last menstruation [5], when the highest degree of sensitivity to embryonic cell differentiation [6] and organ formation occurs. The embryonic period or critical period is wh...

In Australia in the 1940s, Norman McAlister Gregg observed a connection between pregnant women who contracted the rubella virus, or German measles, and cataract formation in their children's eyes. Gregg published his findings in the 1941 article "Congenital Cataract following German Measles in the Mother" in Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of Australia. In the article, Gregg analyz...