and Applied Analysis 3 the synaptic connection weight of the unit j on the unit i at time t; constant bij denotes the synaptic connection weight of the unit j on the unit i at time t − τ t ; Ii is the input of the unit i; τ t is the transmission delay such that 0 < τ t ≤ τ and τ̇ t ≤ ρ < 1, t ≥ t0; τ , ρ are constants. The initial conditions associated with system 2.1 are of the form x s φ s , s...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changes in ventilatory mechanics and hemodynamics that occur in patients dependent on mechanical ventilation who are subjected to a standard respiratory therapy protocol. METHODS This experimental and prospective study was performed in two intensive care units, in which patients dependent on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours were consecutively enrolled an...

We investigate higher order entropies for compressible fluid models and related a priori estimates. Higher order entropies are kinetic entropy estimators suggested by Enskog expansion of Boltzmann entropy. These quantities are quadratic in the density ρ, velocity v, and temperature T renormalized derivatives. We investigate governing equations of higher order entropy correctors and related diff...

The assessment of life cycle greenhouse gas emissions motor fuels is important due to the legal obligations and corporate social responsibility petroleum industry. Combining Life-Cycle Assessment with optimization methods can provide valuable support in decision-making process. In this paper, a mathematical model refinery was developed analyze impact process on GHG at fuel production stage. inc...

Consider the ordinary diierential equation _ xt = F , x t ; x 0 = x 0 : 1 A solution 1 on 0; T , T T 0, to 1 is a continuously diierentiable function x : : 0 ; T !R n satisfying xt = x 0 + Z t 0 F , x s ds: We m a y ask for which functions F there exist a solution to 1 and, if so, if the solution is unique. Is it, for instance, suucient that F is a continuous function? The answer is no concerni...

The theory of competitive and cooperative dynamical systems has had some remarkable applications to the biological sciences. The interested reader may consult the monograph [28] and lecture notes [29] of Smith, and to a forthcoming review by the authors [11] for a more in-depth treatment. 1 Strong Monotonicity for ODEs In this brief review we give some of the main results in the theory of compe...

Let (,) be a measurable space with -finite continuous measure, ()=. A linear operator T:L1()+L()L1()+L() is called the Dunford-Schwartz if ||T(f)||1||f||1 (respectively, ||T(f)||||f||) for all fL1() fL()). {Tt}t0is strongly in L1() semigroup of operators, then each At(f)=1t∫0tTs(f)ds∈L1(Ω){{{A_t(f)} ={\frac{1}{t}} {\int_0^t} {T_s(f)} ds \in L_1(\Omega)}} has unique extension to operator, which ...