abstract pragmatics is the study of communicative action in its sociocultural context. communicative action includes not only using speech acts (such as apologizing, complaining, complimenting, and requesting), but also engaging in different types of discourse and participating in speech events of varying length and complexity. the present study aimed to investigate the assessment of pragm...

In order to investigate the diversity of plant species in forested areas, this study was carried out in forestry near the Khuzestan Steel Industries Company with a total area of 60 hectares in the southeast of Ahwaz, Khuzestan province. For this purpose, 30 plot of 20 × 20 meters in size were systematically randomized in the forested area and 30 samples were taken in the control area. Within ea...

According to importance of forests, enforcement of accurate and systematic management about them is necessary; in this regard recognition of soil quality is essential principles. With the aim of studying soil macroelement in each of Populus deltoiedes, Alnus subcordata, Taxodiom distichum stands and around uncultivated area (control), 8 samples taken from each of 0-15cm and 15-30cm depth. Soil ...

Abstract Climate change and increase of global warming is one of the most important challenges in sustainable development, which is due to increase of concentration of greenhouse gasses and CO2 in atmosphere. Rangelands have approximately half of the worlds land area and store over third of terrestrial biosphere carbon. Therefore they have a large potential to sequester carbon. In this order, c...

Soil physical and chemical properties are the most important factors affecting plant growth Considering variability of soil properties in different areas, investigation on their effects on the plant growth is important, therfore, in this study the contribution of soil factors affecting the unwanted and invasive species in Lashgardar region at Hamedan province was investigated. Sampling was perf...

this study aimed to investigate the effects of listening strategy training on iranian efl learners listening comprehension and use of such strategies. this work, employing an experimental methodology, was conducted among 60 adult efl learners from a language institute in isfahan, iran, as participants. the participants, who were selected based on the results of a placement test, were assigned t...

Grazing effect on vegetation cover and soil factors in natural environments is inevitable. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of grazing on soil factors and distribution of plant species in grazed and non-grazed areas in rangelands of western parts of Hoz-e-Soltan Lake, Qom. Systematic-randomized sampling method was used alongside of 4 transects. Adjacent to the transects...