Cofactors involved in respiratory tract carcinogenesis were studied in Syrian golden hamsters or in rats using benzo(a)pyrene as the carcinogenic agent. These factors included severe tissue damage induced by electro-coagulation, glass fibers administered by intratracheal instillation, acetaldehyde as irritant vapor, food restriction, and nutrients such as vitamin A and saturated and unsaturated...

The golden hamster's (Mesocricetus auratus) performance on radial maze tasks has not been studied a lot. Here we report the results of a spatial memory task that involved eight food stations equidistant from the center of a circular platform. Each of six male hamsters depleted the food stations along successive choices. After each choice and a 5-s retention delay, the hamster was brought back t...

In this study, two genotypes from the white clover breeding line ‘Syrian selection’, which demonstrates improved survival in summer drought, and two from the white clover cultivar ‘Grasslands Kopu’, a more drought-sensitive cultivar, are compared in terms of their responses to a water deficit. Plants of each genotype were grown in a temperature-controlled glasshouse and a water deficit imposed ...

Interspecies differences in pulmonary and pleural responses to the inhalation of natural mineral and synthetic vitreous fibers have been observed in chronic and subchronic studies. However, the reasons for these differences are not clearly understood. There are also fiber-specific differences in the outcome of chronic inhalation exposure to natural mineral and synthetic vitreous fibers. Whether...

The mechanism for induction of tumors by estrogens is still unresolved. Neoplastic transformation of Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts by diethylstilbestrol (DES) suggests that established principles of chemical carcinogenesis may be involved. The Syrian hamster embryo fibroblast cells provide a system in which now the question can be asked whether the metabolic activation of DES is a prerequis...

The current study explores the perceived quality of life of Syrian refugees who have entered the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Two hundred and seventy participants residing in refugee camps in the Erbil region in Kurdistan completed the WHOQOL-BREF, which measures Quality of Life (QOL) within four domains; physical, psychological, social relationships and environment. Syrian refugees in Kurdistan s...

Mutations in MITF (microphthalmia transcription factor) cause Waardenburg syndrome type 2 (WS2A) in humans, an autosomal dominant disorder consisting of deafness and hypopigmentation. Phenotypes vary significantly within WS2 pedigrees, and there is generally no correlation between the predicted biochemical properties of mutant MITF proteins and disease severity. We have identified a nonsense mu...

The in vivo metabolism of tritiated DMAB was examined in male Syrian golden hamsters, which are susceptible to both urinary bladder and intestinal carcinogenesis by this agent and in male F344 rats in which intestinal tumors represent the main lesions. Evidence was obtained for the presence of the N-hydroxy-N-glucuronide of DMAB as a major metabolite in hamster urine and bile and in rat bile bu...

Tumors of the liver, kidneys, and lungs have been induced in rats by the feeding of dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) and diethylnitrosamine (DENA) (1, 11, 12, 18). Dontenwill et al. (3, 4) reported that squamous-cell carcinoma of the trachea and lung of Syrian hamsters followed ad ministration of DENA by each of three ap proaches—tube feeding, inhalation, and subcu taneous injection. They observed ...

Orthotopic kidney transplantation was perfonned from golden Syrian hamsters (Charles River Lab. Wilmington, Mass) to inbred male Lewis rats (LEW, Harlan Sprague Dawley Inc, Indianapolis, Ind). The surgical procedure for kidney transplantation has been described elsewhere. l Briefly, vascular anastomosis was perfonned between the end graft aorta in continuity with the left renal artery and the r...