The effects of dietary cholesterol and hypothyroidism on the mRNA levels of rat apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV, and E were measured in extracts of rat liver and rat intestine by hybridization to specific cDNA. Four groups, each comprised of six rats, were fed diets consisting of normal laboratory rat chow and either no supplements (control); 5% lard, 1% cholesterol, and 0.3% taurocholic acid (CF); 5...

A diet of known composition, prepared from pure chemicals, was fed to a healthy man for five days. Urinary excretion of minerals, ultravioletabsorbing compounds, phenolic acids, indoles, and phenolic amines was determined by use of conventional techniques, high-resolution column chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. The excretion of compounds during the period of the synthetic diet was...

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can develop into end-stage disease such as cryptogenic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, it is important to understand the pathogenesis of NASH. In general, the "two-hit theory" has prevailed as a pathogenic mechanism of NASH. According to this theory, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contained in normal portal blood are the "second hit," but their role...

Gene-diet interactions play a crucial but poorly understood role in susceptibility to obesity. Accordingly, the development of genetically tractable model systems to study the influence of diets in obesity-prone genetic backgrounds is a focus of current research. Here I present a modified synthetic Drosophila diet optimized for timely larval development, a stage dedicated to energy storage. Spe...

In an earlier report (1) we compared the responses of hepatic glycolytic enzyme activities of normal rats fed either glucose or fructose for 3 days. The enzymes studied were phosphoglucomutase, glucose 6-phosphatase, phosphoglucose isomerase, and the dehydrogenases of glucose B-phosphate and gluconate g-phosphate. When the diets containing free hexoses were substituted for the stock diet, the a...

Diets currently used to produce atherosclerotic lesions in mice are often undefined and cause accumulation of fat in the liver and gallstone formation. Therefore, synthetic low and high fat diets of known composition were formulated in this study. A synthetic diet containing 50% sucrose, 15% cocoa butter, 1% cholesterol, and 0.5% sodium cholate was found to produce a depression in high density ...

objectives the link between dietary fat and heart disease has been established for decades. although, the atherogenic effect of saturated fatty acids is somehow controversial, the cardioprotective effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) are clearly documented. this study investigated the effects of different dietary oils on serum fatty acid composition in rat. methods six week male wistar...

The earliest indication for the need of an organic sulfur complex in the diet came in 1915 from the work of Osborne and Mendel (I), who showed that when the proportion of casein in the diet of the rat was reduced from 18 to 9 per cent the resulting impairment of growth could be corrected by a supplement of cystine equal to 3 per cent of the casein. This finding was confirmed in many laboratorie...

In 1924, Needham (1) observed the steady excretion of myo-inositol’ by polyuric rats subsisting on a high salt, purified diet. He took this finding as evidence that the rat can synthesize inositol, but it now seems likely that his diet contained appreciable amounts of the compound.2 A number of years later, Woolley (4) found that myo-inositol was the factor required for the prevention of an alo...