Asians, Native Hawaiians, and other Pacific Islanders were victims of approximately 105,000 nonfatal violent crimes (rape, sexual assault, aggravated assault, and simple assault) on average per year between 2002 and 2006. An average of about 471,000 property crimes (household burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft) were committed against Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander hous...

One of the most dangerous crimes that compromise socio-economical and political securities of the society is electronic crimes that have been manifested in the world era with its modern forms simultaneously with development in science and technology so the only condition for fighting against modern crimes and their prevention is to identify, analyze and recognize completely how they are committ...

This paper focuses on finding spatial and temporal criminal hotspots. It analyses two different real-world crimes datasets for Denver, CO and Los Angeles, CA and provides a comparison between the two datasets through a statistical analysis supported by several graphs. Then, it clarifies how we conducted Apriori algorithm to produce interesting frequent patterns for criminal hotspots. In additio...

Free testosterone was measured in the saliva of 89 male prison inmates. Inmates with higher testosterone concentrations had more often been convicted of violent crimes. The relationship was most striking at the extremes of the testosterone distribution, where 9 out of 11 inmates with the lowest testosterone concentrations had committed nonviolent crimes, and 10 out of 11 inmates with the highes...

as a rule, crimes are unforgivable. there fore, forgiveness has virtually no effect on criminal liability. it can only lead to a reduction in punishment . for crimes that are unforgivable, forgiveness can become perplexing and confuse legal authorities. the present paper attempts to discuss the complex dimensions of this issue including forgivable and unforgivable crimes, the court's respo...

For the last several years, reported violent crime has been decreasing across the United States. New York City has been notable concerning this trend. Since 1991, while the number of violent crimes reported within the City has decreased significantly, violent crimes involving firearms, especially handguns, have decreased by an even greater percentage. But why? Some point to the New York City Po...

Using a self-report survey methodology in a cross-sectional consecutive primary care sample (N = 238), we examined pain at 3 time points (today, past month, past year), pain catastrophizing using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and history of legal charges for 5 drug-related crimes as defined by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Among the subsample of 185 participants with histories of being...

Since American legislatures began passing bias crime statutes (which set more severe penalties for crimes committed from biased motives) in the 1980s, many legal philosophers have argued that such statutes are unjust on the grounds that they punish character traits and feelings rather than actions and intentions. It is unjust to punish character traits and feelings, these authors have supposed,...

The "testing effect" refers to the finding that after an initial study opportunity, testing is more effective for long-term retention than restudying. The testing effect seems robust and is a finding from the field of cognitive science that has important implications for education. However, it is unclear whether this effect also applies to the acquisition of problem-solving skills, which is imp...