Closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) are gaining popularity due to their efficiency in addressing economic, environmental, and social concerns. An important point ponder the distribution of CLSC is that imperfect refrigeration bad road conditions may result product non-conformance during transit thus such products be returned node. This hinder level customer satisfaction. paper presents a sustainab...

International laws and increasing consumer awareness have led to drastic changes in traditional supply chain network designs. Moreover, because of environmental social requirements, networks changed sustainable networks. On the other hand, reverse logistics can be effective terms economic aspects, so design as a closed loop is necessary. In addition, customers demand for different products with...

Logistics Network Design includes network configuration decisions having long-standing influences on other tactical and operational decisions. Recently, regarding environmental issues and customer awareness and global warming closed-loop supply chain network design is taken into consideration. The proposed network for the integrated forward and reverse logistics is developed by formulating a cy...

In this research, we address the application of uncertaintyprogramming to design a multi-site, multi-product, multi-period,closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network. In order to make theresults of this article more realistic, a CLSC for a case study inthe iron and steel industry has been explored. The presentedsupply chain covers three objective functions: maximization ofprofit, minimization of n...

Today, sustainable development is one of the important issues in regard to the economy of a country. This issue magnifies the necessity for increased scrutiny towards issues such as environmental considerations and product recovery in closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs). The most important motivational factors influencing research on these topics can be considered in two general groups: environme...

In this paper, a sustainable closed-loop supply chain problem is modelled in conditions of uncertainty. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, designed network seeks deliver medical equipment hospitals on time within defined window prevent overcrowding and virus transmission. order achieve suitable model for designing network, important decisions such as locating potential facilities, optimal ...

Government subsidies generally play an important role in the sustainable operations management of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). This paper investigates optimal government subsidy decision and its influence on development CLSC, consisting one manufacturer, retailer, third-party collector, from economic, environmental, social perspectives. Based game analysis technology, different Stackelber...

Many authors and researchers cite Dell’s supply chain as a model of excellence, yet few look at the entire closed-loop supply chain and the prevalent inventory and logistics techniques that enable this complex process to work. The techniques reviewed include – postponement, modularity, vendor managed inventory, supply chain partnerships, and demand management. The analysis involves examining ho...

closed-loop supply chain network (clscn) design aims at incorporating environmental considerations into the traditional supply chain design by including recycling, disassembly and reuse activities. in a clscn, the environmental considerations can also be facilitated by resorting to environmentally friendly materials and enhancing product reuse through the design of an appropriate product recove...