Computational intelligence generally comprises a rather large set of – in a wider sense – adaptive and human-like data analysis and modelling methods. Due to some superior features – such as generalisation, trainability, coping with incomplete and inconsistent data, etc. – computational intelligence has found its way into numerous applications in almost all scientific disciplines. A very promin...

UNLABELLED Gut microbes play a key role in human health and nutrition by catabolizing a wide variety of glycans via enzymatic activities that are not encoded in the human genome. The ability to recognize and process carbohydrates strongly influences the structure of the gut microbial community. While the effects of diet on the microbiota are well documented, little is known about the molecular ...

In order to comply with Brazilian Syllabus requirements, some schools of Pharmacy included Rural Internships (RI) in the curriculum as a way of familiarizing students with the Unified Health System (SUS), thereby permitting the interaction of the students with pharmaceutical practices. This work assesses the knowledge about SUS and pharmaceutical activities of students who have taken the RI sub...

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can improve the spectrum sensing performance by introducing spatial diversity in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). However, such cooperation also introduces the delay for reporting sensing data. Conventional cooperation scheme assumes that the cooperative secondary users (SUs) report their local sensing data to the fusion center sequentially. This causes the re...

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron uses starch as a source of carbon and energy. Early steps in the pathway of starch utilization, such as starch binding and starch hydrolysis, are encoded by sus genes, which have been characterized previously. The sus structural genes are expressed only if cells are grown in medium containing maltose or higher oligomers of glucose. Regulation of the sus structural g...

In cognitive radio (CR) networks, the secondary users (SUs) sense the spectrum licensed to the primary users (PUs) to identify and possibly transmit over temporarily unoccupied channels. Cooperative sensing was proposed to improve the sensing accuracy, but in heterogeneous scenarios SUs do not contribute equally to the cooperative sensing result because they experience different received PU sig...

In cognitive radio networks where secondary users (SUs) use the time-frequency gaps of primary users' (PUs) licensed spectrum opportunistically, the experienced throughput of SUs depend not only on the traffic load of the PUs but also on the PUs' service type. Each service has its own pattern of channel usage, and if the SUs know the dominant pattern of primary channel usage, then they can make...

This paper presents an evolution framework of resource allocation by infection among secondary users (SUs) in an OFDMA-based cognitive radio cellular networks. Each primary user (PU) sells his extra sub-channels to SUs in his sensing range to achieve the highest payoff and each SU may come across another in his sensing range to make infection. We first analyze the sensing range to guarantee the...

In this paper, novel enhanced Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is considered by using power control where secondary users (SUs) are allowed to use wireless resources of the primary users (PUs) when PUs are deactivated, but also allow SUs to coexist with PUs while PUs are activated by managing interference caused from SUs to PUs. Therefore, a novel finite horizon adaptive optimal distributed power ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Multiple methods to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) in patients with acute stroke are available. However, it is unknown which approaches are currently used in clinical routine and guidelines remain vague to the extent of cardiac monitoring. We characterize diagnostic efforts for pAF detection on German stroke units (SU). METHODS A standardized anonymous ques...