The perception of pictorial surfaces has been studied quantitatively for more than 20 years. During this time, the "gauge figure method" has been shown to be a fast and intuitive method to quantify pictorial relief. In this method, observers have to adjust the attitude of a gauge figure such that it appears to lie flat on a surface in pictorial space. Although the method has received substantia...

A method for inscribing surface relief gratings in azopolymer thin films via proximity field nanopatterning is reported. Azopolymers prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization were cast as thin films and brought into conformal contact with transparent polydimethylsiloxane phase masks. Irradiation of the film surface through the phase masks induces mass transport of azopolymer that gener...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of pressure relief magnitude on heel blood hyperemia in persons with and without diabetes mellitus. DESIGN Study participants (1 group of persons with diabetes and 1 group without diabetes) lay on a support surface for 70 minutes with 1 heel on an end cell of a support surface. Cell pressure was computer controlled to be 20 mm Hg during support and 5 or 0 ...

In the context of this work a number of rules for landscape design editor development are proposed. These rules are aimed at the support of the reciprocal influence of the relief and objects located on its surface. An experimental graphical editor of dynamic 3D scenes has been created on the basis of relief shape inheritance principle (inheritance of z coordinate of any object). Various inherit...

Pressure ulcers are generally associated with external pressures exceeding internal capillary pressures over bony prominences when the body cannot initiate motor movement to change positions. This investigation evaluated microstructural changes occurring in human skin, in vitro, exposed to static versus cyclic pressures, simulating those recorded for heels of human subjects on various pressure-...

In a combined experimental and model study, we investigated effects of surface topography (relief) on the thermal L-band emission of a sandy soil. To this end, brightness temperatures of two adjacent footprint areas were measured quasi-simultaneously with an L-band radiometer at the observation angle of 55° relative to nadir for one year. One footprint featured a distinct relief in the form of ...

Thispaperdescribes severalmethods that generatepatterned relief structures for casting the elastomeric stamps required in microcontact printing (μCP). The relief structures include the following: (1) patterns etched in thin films of silver (200 nm thick) with printed SAMs of hexadecanethiolate as resists; (2) patterned polymeric structures assembled on the surface of a thin film of silver (or g...

The development of nanoand micropatterned materials is a key component of advanced nanotechnology. We report herein, a photo-based method for patterning general-purpose polymer films. Patterned ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation of a thin polystyrene film under controlled temperature generates surface relief structures by mass transfer from shaded to irradiated areas. The resulting surface reli...

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