It has been recognized since at least as early as the mid-1500s that inhaled minerals (i.e., inorganic particles) can pose a risk. Extensive research has focused on the biological mechanisms responsible for asbestos- and silica-induced diseases, but much less attention has been paid to the mineralogical properties and geochemical mechanisms that might influence a mineral's biological activity. ...

A series of V205/TiO 2/SiO 2 catalysts were structurally investigated by in situ Raman spectroscopy and chemically probed by methanol oxidation in order to determine the molecular structure-reactivity relationships of the V205/TiO 2/SiO 2 catalysts. Only surface TiO,. species are present on the 3% TiO 2 /S iO 2 catalysts, and the surface TiO x species as well as bulk TiO 2 (anatase) particles c...

This article gives an overview of recently published literature on the factors that govern SN2 reactivity. By comparing reactivity in solution with that in the isolated gas phase, it has become possible to dissect the contribution of the solvent from that of the intrinsic molecular properties. This has proven to be an extremely important and fruitful step forward in obtaining key knowledge not ...

Bimetallic iron-aluminum (Fe/Al) particles were synthesized and tested for their reactivity toward carbon tetrachloride using batch reactors and a flow-through column at near neutral pH. Preparation of bimetallic Fe/Al particles was conducted under acidic conditions under which iron was readily deposited onto the aluminum surface. The SEM image showed clusters of iron on the aluminum surface at...

Iron in amphibole asbestos is implicated in the pathogenicity of inhaled fibers. Evidence includes the observation that iron chelators can suppress fiber-induced tissue damage. This is believed to occur via the diminished production of fiber-associated reactive oxygen species. The purpose of this study was to explore possible mechanisms for the reduction of fiber toxicity by iron chelator treat...

The presence of cell-surface antigens on line10 hepatocarcinoma cells was demonstrated by immunoelectronmicroscopy (IEM) with the use of xenogeneic and syngeneic tumor-specific antibody and syngeneic BCG-induced antibody. This confirmed that in addition to tumor-specific antigen(s) there are common antigens between line-10 hepatocarcinoma cells and BCG organisms. The specificity of this cross-r...

Mouse embryos at the two-cell and blastocyst stages, as well as unfertilized eggs, have been studied by indirect immunofluorescence for the expression of H-2 and non-H-2 histocompatibility antigens on surface membranes. Serologically-specific reactivity to non-H-2 antibody (H-3 and H-6) was observed as diffuse, patchy staining over the entire surface of the blastomeres at the two-cell stage. In...