air conditioning refrigerant r134a has value of global warming potential (gwp) 1300, which is much higher than mac directive (gwp below 150) passed in july 2006. this prompted a search for alternative refrigerant with gwp value less than 150. r1234yf is a new refrigerant which has lower gwp value of 4. effect of blower speed has been compared and flammability issue of r1234yf has been addressed...

Sound conditioning has reduced noise-induced hearing loss in experimental mammalian animals and in clinical observation. Forty guinea pigs were grouped as: A, control; B, conditioning noise exposure group; C, high level noise exposure group; and D, conditioning noise exposure followed by a high level noise exposure group. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured. The cochlear sensor...

Wood when exposed to accelerated weathering conditions is deteriorated as a result of factors such UV rays, temperature, and relative humidity changes. The surface roughness wood also undergoes substantial In this study, the effect on changes Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) poplar (Populus x euroamericana) surfaces were investigated using Taguchi method. parameters most affecting radial direct...

An Object Oriented Particle-in-Cell model of a plasma glow discharge in a cylindrical magnetron cleaning device has been developed to provide guidance in developing a novel in situ surface conditioning technique. The model tracks the trajectories of particles by solving the equations of motion and the electrostatic field equations. Simulation results are compared to experimental measurements ob...

Lithium wall conditioning has lowered hydrogenic recycling and dramatically improved plasma performance in many magnetic-fusion devices. In this Letter, we report quantum-classical atomistic simulations and laboratory experiments that elucidate the roles of lithium and oxygen in the uptake of hydrogen in amorphous carbon. Surprisingly, we show that lithium creates a high oxygen concentration on...