Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis attributed in part to immune suppression and deactivation of natural killer (NK) cells. Curcuminoids have a potential for improving the therapy of pancreatic cancer given promising results in cancer models and a clinical trial, but their oral absorption is limited. Our objective in this study is to show curcuminoid anti-oncogenic effects alone and together...

Human phagocytes can be triggered to generate large quantities of long-lived nitrogen-chlorine derivatives. This class of oxidants can be detected as early as 5 min after the addition of phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan particles. Unlike all other oxygen metabolites known to be generated by phagocytes, the nitrogen-chlorine compounds can be readily detected in cell supernatants 90...

New and improved methods are needed to disinfect pathogens in treated wastewater, especially highly resistant ones like Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. In addition, new and improved methods are needed to detect pathogens and indicators for them in wastewater in order to monitor the efficacy of disinfection and other waste water treatment processes. Spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium ...

The mechanism(s) by which cells can sense exogenous oxidants that may contribute to intracellular oxidative/nitrosative stress is not clear. The objective of this study was to determine how cells might respond to exogenous oxidants to potentially initiate, propagate and/or maintain inflammation associated with many human diseases through NF-κB activation. First, we used HEK-Blue cells that are ...

A methionine sulfoxide reductase gene (msrA) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli has unique expression patterns and physiological function. msrA expression is growth dependent and is highly induced by exposure to oxidants and N-ethylmaleimide in an OxyR- and OhrR-independent manner. An msrA mutant showed increased sensitivity to oxidants but only during stationary phase.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world. The disease encompasses emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and small airway obstruction and can be caused by environmental exposures, primarily cigarette smoking. Since only a small subset of smokers develop COPD, it is believed that host factors interact with the environment to increase the prope...

( a ) 20 mM-sterol was co-sonicated with 20 mM-DOPC (1 mol/mol) and 0.2 mM12-doxy1 stearic acid. Spectra were measured at 3 7 T , pH 7.2, in a Brucker ER 200D e.s.r. spectrometer. ( b ) The (Ca2 +-Mg2+)-ATPase was purified and reconstituted in DMPC according to the methods of East & Lee [9]. Activities were measured using a coupled enzyme assay, at 3 7 T , pH 7.2, 2 mM-ATP, 1 pM-Ca2+ as outline...

The liver is the major organ for removal of intestinally derived bacteria and toxic compounds, such as endotoxin, oxidants, and pro-oxidants. To detoxify these hazardous compounds, the liver contains high levels of low molecular weight antioxidants and enzymes that degrade reactive oxygen species. Reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, vitamin E, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidas...

Ahn B, Beharry AW, Frye GS, Judge AR, Ferreira LF. NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p47 is elevated, and p47 knockout prevents diaphragm contractile dysfunction in heart failure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 309: L497–L505, 2015. First published July 24, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00176.2015.—Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have dyspnea and exercise intolerance, which are caused in part b...

Steroids, in particular, 17beta-estradiol (E(2)), have been reported to improve the response to trauma in animal models. In these models, the leukocyte plays a critical role in the inflammatory cascade. We examined the affects of E(2), hydrocortisone (H), progesterone (P(4)), and E(2) with P(4) on oxidant production in human granulocytes (PMNs) and mononuclear leukocytes (MNCs). Each cell type ...