I endors have offered cash discounts for \ / many years to encourage prompt payy ment of invoices or accounts. Under such an arrangement, the seller receives payment without delay while the buyer minimizes both cash outflow and operating costs or expenses. Because these discounts can substantially reduce routine operating expenses in areas like patient care and ancillary supplies, hospitals sho...

Developing countries often have access to limited energy resources, which frequently results in power cuts and failures. During these power cuts, enterprises rely on backup sources for power such as uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and electric generators. This paper proposes AnywareDC, an architecture that builds on the recent work on Anyware [6] to reduce energy utilization in the presenc...

Over the past five years, a new generation of data processing and communications equipment has become prevalent in modern data centers and network operations centers. These newer products provide beneficial increases in processing power and higher-density form factors, resulting in reduced operating costs, conservation of valuable facility space and enhanced capabilities for the enterprise. How...

Abstract Effective irrigation management is critical for future food supplies and the prosperity of producers engaged in production. Through a deficit field experiment, we determine financial impact on caused by changing costs, corn prices, extreme weather events, restricting levels. Results suggest that optimal economic strategy within our constrained optimization model to fully irrigate, with...

BACKGROUND The United States' multiple-payer health care system requires substantial effort and costs for administration, with billing and insurance-related (BIR) activities comprising a large but incompletely characterized proportion. A number of studies have quantified BIR costs for specific health care sectors, using micro-costing techniques. However, variation in the types of payers, provid...

To assess the total medical costs and productivity losses associated with the 1993 waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, including the average cost per person with mild, moderate, and severe illness, we conducted a retrospective cost-of-illness analysis using data from 11 hospitals in the greater Milwaukee area and epidemiologic data collected during the outbreak. Th...

Over the last five years, comprehensive national surveys of the cost of post-abortion care (PAC) to national health systems have been undertaken in Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda and Colombia using a specially developed costing methodology-the Post-abortion Care Costing Methodology (PACCM). The objective of this study is to expand the research findings of these four studies, making use of their exten...