Climate models show that particles formed by nucleation can affect cloud cover and, therefore, the earth's radiation budget. Measurements worldwide show that nucleation rates in the atmospheric boundary layer are positively correlated with concentrations of sulfuric acid vapor. However, current nucleation theories do not correctly predict either the observed nucleation rates or their functional...

The commercially available 6-methoxy-1-tetralone 1 was converted [15] into the olefin 2 in 94% yield by heating under reflux with 2,4-pentanediol and a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulphonic acid (p-TsOH) who’s spectroscopic properties perfectly agree with structure assigned. The olefin 2 was also previously synthesized by different routes [14,16] but the yield was not high compared with the pr...

In order to find the most effective method to overcome seed dormancy in Teucrium chamaedrys  L. medicinal plant species the effect of some chemical and physical breaking methods including: cold stratification (5 °C), scarification with sandpaper, stratification with needle, concentrated sulfuric acid, gibberellic acid and combination of these methods were investigated. Treated seeds along with ...

In this study, the performance of NiMo catalysts over an amorphous SiO2-Al2O3 and SO4-Al2O3 with various contents of H2SO4 was investigated for the n-hexadecane hydrocracking (n-C16) using a down flow fixed bed micro-reactor. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, and NH...

In scale-up, the potential of ethanol production by dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment using corncob was investigated. Pretreatments were performed at 170 °C with various acid concentrations ranging from 0% to 1.656% based on oven dry weight. Following pretreatment, pretreated biomass yield ranged from 59% to 67%. More than 90% of xylan was removed at 0.828% of sulfuric acid. At same pretreatmen...

Molecular distillation technology has been adopted to obtain a bio-oil fraction rich in carboxylic acids and ketones. This unique bio-oil fraction was then upgraded with a La-promoted solid acid catalyst. Three washing pretreatments were used to prepare catalysts A, B, and C, with the intention of reducing the amounts of residual sulfuric acid. Model reactions were used to estimate their cataly...

* The trichloroacetic acid extracts were first acidified with sulfuric acid3 and kept overnight at 38” for decarboxylation of acetoacetate. The fluid was then neutralized with sodium hydroxide and phosphate, and the acetone distilled by the procedure of Folin.4 Acetone was determined calorimetrically by the method of Behre.6 Analogous results were obtained with the determination procedure of Le...

Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectra for the smallest atmospherically relevant anions of sulfuric and nitric acid allow us to characterize structures and distinguish between clusters with a bisulfate or a nitrate core. We find that bisulfate is the main charge carrier for HSO(4)(-)·H(2)SO(4)·HNO(3) but not for NO(3)(-)·H(2)SO(4)·HNO(3). For the mixed dimer anion, we find evidence for t...