Varicoceles are defined as abnormal dilations of the spermatic vein or the pampiniform plexus and are more common on the left side. Careful physical examination of the contralateral scrotal side is essential as bilateral varicoceles are common. While the diagnosis of varicoceles can be done clinically especially when seminal fluid analysis is impaired, imaging studies with color-flow Doppler re...

Seasonal effects on hormonal and seminal parameters in subfertile stallions have not been well documented and could provide information that is needed to understand the underlying endocrine mechanisms associated with testicular dysfunction. Such information may be useful in developing diagnostic tools to identify those stallions who are candidates for treatment. This investigation characterizes...

Ejaculatory dysfunction is a highly prevalent clinical condition that may be classified along a continuum that ranges from premature ejaculation (PE), through retarded or delayed ejaculation (DE), to complete anejaculation (AE). Retrograde ejaculation (RE) represents a distinct entity in which ejaculate is expelled either partially or completely into the bladder. While DE and PE are significant...

In order to provide an insight to the prevalence of low sperm count and abnormal semen parameters in suspected subfertile/infertile men in our environment, semen samples collected from one hundred and seventy (170) men aged 21-50 years, whose wives were seen at a private fertility clinic in Abakaliki, Nigeria with diagnosis of primary and secondary infertility (78 and 92 respectively) were anal...

Steroidogenesis begins with cholesterol transfer into mitochondria through the transduceosome, a complex composed of cytosolic proteins that include steroidogenesis acute regulatory protein (STAR), 14-3-3 adaptor proteins, and the outer mitochondrial membrane proteins Translocator Protein (TSPO) and Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC). TSPO is a drug- and cholesterol-binding protein found at...

A receptive uterine environment is a key component in determining a successful reproductive outcome. We tested the hypothesis that endometrial gene expression patterns differ in fertile and subfertile dairy cow strains. Twelve lactating dairy cattle of strains characterized as having fertile (n = 6) and subfertile (n = 6) phenotypes underwent embryo transfer on day 7 of the reproductive cycle. ...

Background Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining has been used to assess protamine deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine credibility of CMA3 along with semen parameters for assessment of fertility potential. MaterialsAndMethods Semen analysis and CMA3 staining were carried out on 234 fertile and 178 subfertile individuals. Semen analysis was assessed according to WHO criteria. Protamine d...