We perform a systematic study of several models that have been proposed for the purpose of understanding the motion of driven interfaces in disordered media. We identify two distinct universality classes. (i) One of these, referred to as directed percolation depinning (DPD), can be described by a Langevin equation similar to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, but with quenched disorder. (ii) The...

A competitive growth model (CGM) describes the aggregation of a single type of particle under two different growth rules with occurrence probabilities p and 1-p . We explain the origin of the scaling behavior of the resulting surface roughness at small p for two CGM's which describe random deposition (RD) competing with ballistic deposition and RD competing with the Edward-Wilkinson (EW) growth...

OBJECTIVE This study was performed to analyze features of nasal septal deviation of patients with different cleft types and noncleft controls. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, China. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty-six patients with palatal and/or alveolar cleft and 42 noncleft controls were recruited in the study. All the subjects have unde...

Background Oral cleft is the most common orofacial congenital anomaly among live births. This anomaly at birth is one of the main causes of children disability and mortality.  Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common anomalies in oral clefts.  This study aimed to assess the incidence of congenital heart diseases anomalies in newborns with oral clefts. Materials and Methods This ...

BACKGROUND Long term health of the stomatognathic system as well as esthetic aspects is the therapeutic goals in patients with oro facial clefts. AIM The aim of this study was to assess and compare the periodontal status of patients with cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip, alveolus and palate (CLAP) reporting to a hospital in Chennai, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study grou...

Cleft palate following cleft lip may include a developmental disorder during palatogenesis. CL/Fr mice fetuses, which develop cleft lip and palate spontaneously, have less capability for in vivo cell proliferation in palatal mesenchyme compared with CL/Fr normal fetuses. In order to know the changes of signaling molecules contributing to cleft palate morphogenesis following cleft lip, the mRNA ...