The following notion of forcing was introduced by Grigorieff [2]: Let I ⊂ ω be an ideal, then P is the set of all functions p : ω → 2 such that dom(p) ∈ I. The usual Cohen forcing corresponds to the case when I is the ideal of finite subsets of ω. In [2] Grigorieff proves that if I is the dual of a p-point ultrafilter, then ω1 is preserved in the generic extension. Later, when Shelah introduced...

1.1 Background The California Bearing ratio (CBR) test has been widely used in pavement design since mid 1940’s. It is a relative measure of subgrade soil or base/subbase aggregate strength. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has been using its own Virginia Test Method-8 (VTM-8) to perform CBR testing. On the other hand, private industry and other DOT’s are using AASHTO (American ...

Recycling of asphalt concrete is increasingly used as a major rehabilitation method in Japan because it can conserve natural resources, reduce costs and save energy. In this study, reclaimed asphalt concrete from Tokyo International Airport was evaluated for use in four types of base materials: recycled granular material, recycled cement stabilized material, recycled cement-emulsified asphalt s...

A new axiom is proposed, the Ground Axiom, asserting that the universe is not a nontrivial set forcing extension of any inner model. The Ground Axiom is first-order expressible, and any model of zfc has a class forcing extension which satisfies it. The Ground Axiom is independent of many well-known set-theoretic assertions including the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis, the assertion v=hod that...

Development of new algorithms in the area machine learning, especially clustering, comparative studies such as well testing according to software engineering principles requires availability labeled data sets. While standard benchmarks are made available, a broader range sets is necessary order avoid problem overfitting. In this context, theoretical works on axiomatization clustering algorithms...

In this paper, the Urysohn and completely Hausdorff axioms in general topology are generalized to L-topological spaces so as to be compatible with pointwise metrics. Some properties and characterizations are also derived

We prove the topological (or combinatorial) rigidity property for real polynomials with all critical points real and nondegenerate, which completes the last step in solving the density of Axiom A conjecture in real one-dimensional dynamics.

The purpose of this note is introduce a new axiom (called the Descent Axiom) in the theory of r-spin cohomological field theories. This axiom explains the origin of gravitational descendants in this theory. Furthermore, the Descent Axiom immediately implies the Vanishing Axiom, explicating the latter (which has no a priori analog in the theory of Gromov-Witten invariants), in terms of the multi...