We present a second quantization description of frequency-based continuous variables quantum computation in the subspace single photons. For this, we define frequency and time operators using free-field Hamiltonian its Fourier transform, show that these observables, when restricted to one photon per mode subspace, reproduce canonical position-momentum commutation relations. As consequence, can ...

OBJECTIVE Genetic sonography following first-trimester combined screening appears to increase substantially detection rates for Down syndrome but it relies on the unproved assumption of independence between these tests. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between first-trimester nuchal translucency (NT) and a series of second-trimester soft markers and structural defects in u...

Satoshi KitaYama, Koetsu Yamazaki, Masao Arakawa Dept. of Human & Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kanazawa University 2-40-20, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 920-8667, Japan [email protected] Abstract: Particle Swarm Optimization is applied to the mixed discrete non-linear problems (MDNLP). PSO is mainly a method to find a global or quasiminimum for a non-convex optimization problem of continuou...

The Isogeometric Analysis (IA) method is applied for structural topology optimization instead of the finite element method. For this purpose, the material density is considered as a continuous function throughout the design domain and approximated by the Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) basis functions. The coordinates of control points which are also used for constructing the density func...