this paper proposes an optimal transmission expansion planning (tep) which is based on determining share of each line in merchandizing surplus (ms) of system, determining by independent system operator (iso). the more share of a line in ms of system denotes the priority of a line for expansion. the procedure of determining ms of each line in a power system is based on determining the ms share o...

aim : assessment of short term changes in portal blood flow and long term changes in liver functions in cirrhotic patients who chose to fast during the month of ramadan in summer. background : during ramadan, healthy muslims obligated to fast from predawn to sunset. patients and methods : forty cirrhotic patients intended to fast during the month of ramadan in the year 2014, were examined by co...

An asymmetric multivariate generalization of the recently proposed class of normal mixture GARCH models is developed. Issues of parametrization and estimation are discussed. Conditions for covariance stationarity and the existence of the fourth moment are derived, and expressions for the dynamic correlation structure of the process are provided. In an application to stock market returns, it is ...

This paper proposes a logic that is specially designed to deal with rules and the reasons based on them. Although the logic is inspired by characteristics of legal reasoning, it aspires to be suitable for dealing with other kinds of rule guided reasoning as well. It is characteristic for this logic that rules are treated as individuals rather than as conditionals, and that application of a rule...

The irrational use of limited network resources in conjunction with the unpredictable nature of traffic load injection in wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSN) may lead to congestion. Traditional transmission schemes were not designed for supporting prioritized QoS, especially not for guaranteeing strict QoS required by real-time services such as voice and video. To overcome these deficien...

With the lack of admission control and resource reservation mechanisms in the Internet, overload situations can only be avoided by having the end systems deploying congestion control schemes. That is, the end systems should adjust their transmission and reception behavior in accordance with the available network resources. This is generally achieved by adjusting the transmission behavior of a s...

The objective of vehicular communication is to improve road safety and traffic efficiency through a variety cooperative intelligent transport system (C-ITS) services. These services allow information exchange between vehicles other entities (e.g., vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians). Many advanced are envisaged support autonomous applications. performance requirements such considered highly ...

strict liability is the result of philosophical ideas of lawyers in front of developments in human knowledge and complexity of social relationships. strict liability the main aim is facilitation of victim's compensation, so the proof of fault is not necessary and causation is sufficient. this type of liability is justified by various foundations of economics, society and morality. in the b...

active queue management (aqm) plays an important role in the internet congestion control. it tries to enhance congestion control, and to achieve tradeoff between bottleneck utilization and delay. random early detection (red) is the most popular active queue management algorithm that has been implemented in the in internet routers and is trying to supply low delay and low packet loss. red algori...