BACKGROUND Autophagy, an intracellular self-degradation system conserved throughout eukaryotes, plays an important role in a variety of biological processes, including cell death, development, cancer, defence against infection and neurodegeneration. However, little information about autophagy in renal tubular cells is available. We investigated the relationship of autophagy with endoplasmic ret...

PON2 (paraoxonase-2) is a ubiquitously expressed antioxidative protein which is largely found in the ER (endoplasmic reticulum). Addressing the cytoprotective functions of PON2, we observed that PON2 overexpression provided significant resistance to ER-stress-induced caspase 3 activation when the ER stress was induced by interference with protein modification (by tunicamycin or dithiothreitol),...

The objective of the current study was to develop a validated, specific stability-indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the quantitative determination of escitalopram oxalate and clonazepam and their related substances in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical dosage forms in the presence of degradation products. Forced degradation studies were performed on the pure drugs of e...

In this investigation, sensitive and reproducible methods are described for quantitative determination of deflazacort in the presence of its degradation product. The method was based on high performance liquid chromatography of the drug from its degradation product on reverse phase using Acquity UPLC BEH C18 columns (1.7 µm, 2.1 mm × 150 mm) using acetonitrile and water (40:60 V/V) at a flow ra...

The objective of the current study was to develop a validated, specific and stability-indicating reverse phase liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of fluocinonide and its related substances. The determination was done for active pharmaceutical ingredient and its pharmaceutical dosage forms in the presence of degradation products, and its process-related impurities. ...

iran is among the world's arid and semi-arid countries. drought stress is one of the most important environmental stresses affecting fruit trees and considerably can cause yield reduction. persian walnut (juglans regia l.) with significant area harvest is one the most important nuts in iran which require sufficient amounts of water for optimal growth and efficiency. in order to study the e...