Context modeling has emerged as the most promising new approach to compressing text. While context-modeling algorithms provide very good compression, they su er from the disadvantages of being slow and requiring large amounts of main memory in which to execute. We describe a context-model-based algorithm that runs signi cantly faster, uses much less space, and provides compression ratios close ...

Software transactional memory (STM) can lead to scalable implementations of concurrent programs, as the relative performance of an application increases with the number of threads that support it. However, the absolute performance is typically impaired by the overheads of transaction management and instrumented accesses to shared memory. This often leads STM-based programs with low thread count...

HIV-testing algorithms for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) should be optimized to minimize the risk of drug resistance, the time off PrEP required to evaluate false-positive screening results, and costs and to expedite the start of therapy for those confirmed to be infected. HIV rapid tests (RTs) for anti-HIV antibodies provide results in less than 1 h and can be conducted by nonlicensed staff a...

Trial start up is a frenetic time for any trial manager: once a trial has been funded the clock is ticking to get the first participant recruited. There are a number of key activities that need to happen during this stage, so developing standardised processes to help improve effectiveness can make the system more efficient, and help promote best practice. Three of the key processes that have be...

24. ANKeM ANTİBİYOTİK Ve KeMOTeRAPİ KONGResİ, ÖlÜDeNİZ-FeThİYe, 29 NİsAN 03 MAYIs 2009 Prolonged administration of a broad spectrum antibiotic has important ecologic consequences. A comparison of two empirical antibiotic policies with a different spectrum in a neonatal ward has demonstrated that the combination of cefotaxime with amoxicillin favoured the selection of resistant Enterobacter stra...

Background T1 mapping in end diastole requires correct identification of the diastolic pause, and an appropriate input of the trigger delay time (TD) into acquisition parameters to ensure parametric mapping during the true diastolic pause for minimal motion-related blurring of myocardium. This diascan can be derived for individual patients from either the 4 chamber or the short axis stack. Howe...

The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine alpha-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of predicted open reading frames known for a free-living microorganism. In contrast to parasitic bacte...

The picture that emerges from phylogenetic gene content reconstructions is that genomes evolve in a dynamic pattern of rapid expansion and gradual streamlining. Ancestral organisms have been estimated to possess remarkably rich gene complements, although gene loss is a driving force in subsequent lineage adaptation and diversification. Here, we study genome dynamics in a model of virtual cells ...

BACKGROUND Timely administration of the first dose, dosage adjustment to renal function, switch from intravenous to oral administration, and streamlining are important aspects of rational antibiotic prescription. The goals of this study were to investigate all of these variables, compare them with predefined quality standards, and implement improvement with specific interventions. METHODS At ...