This paper focuses on solving a variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) in which a time window is associated with each customer service and some services require simultaneous visits from different vehicles to be accomplished. The problem is therefore called the VRP with time windows and synchronization constraints (VRPTWSyn). We present a simulated annealing algorithm (SA) that incorporate...

Over the past decades, the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and its variants have grown ever more popular in the academic literature. Yet, the problem characteristics and assumptions vary widely and few literature reviews have made an effort to classify the existing articles accordingly. In this article, we present a taxonomic review of the VRP literature published between 2009 and 2013. Based on ...

This work was initiated by previous reports demonstrating that mismatched influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines can induce enhanced disease, probably mediated by antibodies. Our aim was, therefore, to investigate if a vaccine inducing opsonizing but not neutralizing antibodies against the hemagglutinin (HA) of a selected heterologous challenge virus would enhance disease or induce protective immune ...

Alphavirus-based replicon vector systems (family Togaviridae) have been developed as expression vectors with demonstrated potential in vaccine development against both infectious diseases and cancer. The single-cycle nature of virus-like replicon particles (VRP), generated by supplying the structural proteins from separate replicable helper RNAs, is an attractive safety component of these syste...

In practical logistic distributions, uncertainties may exist in each distribution process, and sometimes suppliers have to take undesirable measures deal with the subsequent schedule variances. light of uncertainty customers logistics widely applied two-dimensional loading patterns transportation, we propose formulate a loading-constrained vehicle routing problem stochastic (2L-VRPSC), where cu...

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is one of the most studied topics in Operations Research. Among numerous variants VRP, this research addresses VRP with relaxed priority rules (VRP-RPR) which customers are assigned to several groups and highest priorities typically need be served before lower ones. Additional used control trade-off between cost efficiency. We propose a Mixed Integer Linear Pro...

We compiled an improved version of the G-VRP model of Erdogan and Miller-Hooks (2012) and used it to solve the set of small G-VRP benchmark instances with CPLEX. To be concise, we use the original notation from Erdogan and Miller-Hooks (2012) to describe our model:

This paper introduces the Spaceelling Curve with Optimal Partitioning (SFC OP) heuristic strategy for producing solutions to the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). This heuristic has the property that it generates good routes extremely quickly and the time required increases nearly linearly with problem size. Additionally, the SFC OP heuristic can easily be modiied to generate routes to VRP formula...

Many delivery problems in real-world applications such as the newspaper delivery and courier services can be formulated as capacitated vehicle routing problems (VRPs) [10], which we want to route a number of vehicles with limited capacity in order to satisfy customer requests with the minimal operational cost. This is usually measured by the number of vehicles used multiplied by the total dista...

A- and C-fiber evoked ventral root potential (VRP) responses have been examined in isolated spinal cord preparations maintained in vitro that were taken from young rats in which behavioral hyperalgesia (thermal and mechanical) was induced following UV irradiation of one hindpaw. Evoked VRPs were compared with those in naive untreated animals. The duration of both the A- and C-fiber evoked VRP w...