general kind of encroachment of river is constructing a bridge on it. purpose of encroachment of river is occupation part of river and flood plain for constructing bridge. often being economical of bridge innovation affirmated that most of encroachment take place to river and flood plain, which this encroachment can be in form of embankment in flood plain of river or into the main bed of river ...

There is a concern with worldwide deterioration of highway bridges, particularly reinforced concrete. Due to the corrosive nature of steel re-bars used in concrete bridge decks, the service-life of these bridges is reduced. The advantages of advanced composite materials (ACM) over conventional materials motivate their use in highway bridges for rehabilitation and replacement of structures. Howe...

The response of a bridge tower-pier system resting on elastic soil, with a sliding foundation obeying Coulomb's friction law, is studied. The stiffness and damping of the supporting soil is fully taken into account. The action of the suspension bridge cables is equivalent to a horizontal elastic restraint at the top of the tower. The differential equations of motion of the pier are formulated f...

This report describes the design, modeling, and testing of two portable timber bridges, each consisting of two non-interconnected longitudinal glued-laminated timber (glulam) deck panel modules 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. One bridge is 12.2 m (40 ft) long while the other bridge is 10.7 m (35 ft) long. The modules are fabricated in a double-tee cross section. Before fabrication of the modules, researcher...

Individual joint deviations are often identified in the analysis of cerebral palsy (CP) gait. However, knowledge is limited as to how these deviations affect the control of the locomotor system as a whole when striving to meet the demands of walking. The current study aimed to bridge the gap by describing the control of the locomotor system in children with diplegic CP in terms of their leg sti...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between force and stiffness after stretch of activated fibers, while simultaneously changing contractility by interfering with the cross-bridge kinetics and muscle activation. Single fibers dissected from lumbrical muscles of frogs were placed at a length 20% longer than the plateau of the force-length relationship, activated, and stret...

Bridge deflection is a very important parameter for bridge structure. It directly reflects the vertical overall stiffness of structure, and an basis reflecting linear change bridge. closely related to bearing capacity ability resist earthquake other dynamic loads. Computer vision obtain image data through acquisition device, use special processing software get shape displacement information obj...