I t is our anticipation and hope that stem cells will cure type 1 diabetes someday because of their limitless capacity to differentiate as needed into the vital tissue or organ. In theory, pluripotent cells have the capacity to reprogram a hostile immune response to tolerate pancreatic -cells and to regenerate pancreatic -cell mass. These two factors are the necessary ingredients for reversing ...

Periprosthetic fracture of the proximal femur involving the lesser trochanter (the Vancouver type A(LT)) is an uncommon occurrence. As it is basically an avulsion fracture of the attachment of the iliopsoas, it does not destabilize the stem and can be treated nonsurgically. In contrast, there is a so-called type "new B2" periprosthetic fracture of the lesser trochanter, which includes a segment...

Various stem cells gradually turned to be critical players in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies. Current evidence has demonstrated that in addition to growth factors and the extracellular matrix, multiple metabolic pathways definitively provide important signals for stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. In this review, we mainly focus on a detailed overview of stem ce...

OBJECTIVES Understanding the changes in chondrogenic gene expression that are involved in the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells to chondrogenic cells is important prior to using this approach for cartilage repair. The aims of the study were to characterize human adipose-derived stem cells and to examine chondrogenic gene expression after one, two, and three weeks of induction....

Stem cells are a unique type of cell that forms the basis of the development, growth and survival of a living organism. Though the term is often used to describe controversial embryonic stem cells, there are many different types of stem cells, classified by their original location and/or method of formation. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that go on developing into any of more than 200 t...

There is increasing evidence that breast and other cancers originate from and are maintained by a small fraction of stem/progenitor cells with self-renewal properties. Whether such cancer stem/progenitor cells originate from normal stem cells based on initiation of a de novo stem cell program, by reprogramming of a more differentiated cell type by oncogenic insults, or both remains unresolved. ...

Lung injury is a common cause of death and disability. Stem cell-related therapies are widely viewed as offering promise for people suffering from various types of pulmonary diseases, and gender-mismatched bone marrow transplant recipients serve as natural populations in which to study the role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in recovery from pulmonary injury. We evaluated the extent of lung ...

OBJECTIVE Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by an approximately 98 and approximately 65% loss of pancreatic beta-cells, respectively. Efforts to reverse either form of diabetes increasingly focus on the possibility of promoting beta-cell replacement and/or regeneration. Islet transplantation has been explored, but it does not provide long-term insulin independence. One possible sourc...

Stem cells are self-renewing cells that can differentiate into specialized cell type(s). Pluripotent stem cells, i.e. embryonic stem cells (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) differentiate into cells of all three embryonic lineages. Multipotent stem cells, like hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), can develop into multiple specialized cells in a specific tissue. Unipotent cells differenti...