VERITAS is an array of four identical telescopes designed for detecting and measuring astrophysical gamma rays with energies in excess of 100 GeV. Each telescope uses a 12 m diameter reflector to collect Cherenkov light from air showers initiated by incident gamma rays and direct it onto a ‘camera’ comprising 499 photomultiplier tubes read out by flash ADCs. We describe here calibration methods...

element detector module and still yield a practical design. In this paper we report results of measurements made on a 64 element detector module made with LSO scintillator crystal. We present performance results for a prototype PET detector module consisting of 64 LSO scintillator crystals (3x3x20 mm) coupled on one end to a single photomultiplier tube and on the opposite end to a 64 pixel arra...

Abstract Dark noise is a dominant background in photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), which are commonly used liquid-filled particle detectors for single-photon detection to see the results of interactions. A major contribution dark thermionic emission from photocathode. The Hamamatsu R7081-100 PMTs characterised temperature and purity controlled water tank, with isolated. suggest that intrinsic rate d...

An inexpensive and portable approach to measure the time an experimental event occurs as measured by a specific electronic clock is presented. The clock resets in active synchronization with the experimental AC-power cycle. This allows an efficient and complete correction for correlated noise contributions to pulse area and time measurements of detector channels equipped with PhotoMultiplier Tu...

The ANTARES project aims at the construction of a neutrino telescope 2500 m below the surface of the Mediterranean sea, close to the southern French coast. The apparatus will consist of a 3D array of photomultiplier tubes, which detects the Cherenkov light emitted by upward going neutrino-induced muons. High-energy neutrinos may be produced in powerful cosmic accelerators, such as, gamma-ray bu...

The properties of an electron beam trapped and accelerated in a laser wake"eld have been investigated. Plastic scintillating "bers were employed together with position sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and a series of dipole electro-magnets to study the beam. The measured momentum spectrum peaks around 7 MeV/c with an exponential fall-o! at high momenta up to (70.3$ 19.9) MeV/c. The number ...

The Hadronic Forward calorimeters of the CMS experiment are Cherenkov calorimeters that use quartz fibers and 1728 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) for readout. The CMS detector upgrade project requires the current Hamamatsu R7525 PMTs to be replaced with 4-anode, high quantum efficiency R7600-M4 PMTs. The new PMTs will improve the detector resolution, as well as the capability of removing fake eve...

The energy dependence of the energy and position resolutions of the electromagnetic calorimeter prototype made of lead tungstate crystals produced in Bogoroditsk (Russia) and Shanghai (China) is presented. These measurements were carried out at the Protvino accelerator using a 1 to 45 GeV electron beam. The crystals were coupled to photomultiplier tubes. The dependence of energy and position re...

ProtoDUNE-DP is a 6 × 6m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) operated at the Neutrino Platform CERN in 2019-2020 as prototype of DUNE Far Detector. dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. The light signal these detectors crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation produced by cos...