The Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Network was implemented in Brazil in the 1980s to promote anonymous and confidential access to HIV diagnosis. As a function of the population and dimensions of the local epidemic, the study assessed the network's coverage, using data from a self-applied questionnaire and data from the Information Technology Department of the Unified National Health Sys...

A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the occurrence of daytime sleep (DS) and to examine factors associated with DS in nursing home residents. We used the Minimum Data Set 2.0 records of 300 residents in a nursing home from January 2005 to March 2010. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression were utilized i...

A new distance-based estimator for forest regeneration assessment, the mean distance method, was developed by combining ideas and techniques from the wandering quarter method, T-square sampling and the random pairs method. The performance of the mean distance method was compared to conventional 4.05 square meter plot sampling through simulation analysis on 405 square meter blocks of a field sur...

BACKGROUND High rejection rates of subject recruitments for research studies have been reported in immigrants in many countries. However, the barriers in recruiting members of the expatriate population in Kuwait have not yet been investigated. This study was therefore designed to identify barriers in recruiting expatriates for research studies in the state of Kuwait. METHODS A population-base...

The right research framework is the only way to lead us to become champions in our respective disciplines and certainly to be recognized as an excellent referral center of knowledge for the world. Deming, a well-known quality guru, has defined two research frameworks, namely enumerative study and analytic study. They are totally different in their applications and implications. He criticizes an...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Social reactions to infertility are one of the concerns infertile people. This study aimed to investigate the social consequences of infertility among urban and rural population of Shahroud in northeast of Iran. METHOD This study is a comparative study that was conducted in 2013. In this study, 1,528 women (511 infertile and 1017 fertile ones) were randomly selected. Th...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether fruit and vegetable consumption among California adults significantly increased from 1997-2007. DESIGN Biennial telephone surveillance surveys of California adults' dietary practices. PARTICIPANTS California adults (n = 9,105 total all 6 surveys). INTERVENTION Surveillance data reporting. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Changes in fruit and vegetable consumption ove...

Background and aim Violence against women is considered as one of the social problems of all countries in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of violence against married women referring to health centers, and determining its related factors in Sanandaj, Iran, in 2015. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 married women referred to health centers ...

CONTEXT Understanding the causes of early childbearing is important for reducing the persistently high rates of early births in the United States. Perceptions of possible benefits may contribute to these rates, while high opportunity costs may dissuade women from early childbearing. METHODS Perceptions of costs and benefits of pregnancy, as well as later experiences of pregnancy, were assesse...

this article aims to provide a simple robust method to test the parameters of a normal population by using the new diagnostic tool called the “forward search” (fs) method. the most commonly used procedures to test the mean and variance of a normal distribution are student’s t test and chi-square test, respectively. these tests suffer from the presence of outliers. we introduce the fs version of...