Introduction: For this investigation we have used neutron spectroscopy data gathered with HEND/GRS instrument onboard Mars Odyssey. Starting from 2002 this mission passed through primary and several extended phases accumulating enormous data volume. During this mission one has been proved that orbital mapping of neutron flux from martian surface (instruments HEND, NS and GRS) is powerful method...

The Balkan peninsula is a transitional zone, in terms of bioclimatic conditions, with an extended and dynamic agricultural sector. Its potential peril due to climate change socioeconomic factors. To assess evaluate the agrometeorological conditions related trends which affect widely cultivated wheat maize, big dataset high spatiotemporal analysis was utilized. thermal indices Growing Degree Day...

the flowering phase of apple trees is the most critical step in relation with low temperatures and frost events. therefore, forecasting the time of flowering is important. if a model can predict the exact time of flowering, it would be feasible to care for flowers agianst late spring freezing (lsf). in this study, we evaluated three temperature-base chilling models namely: chilling hours (ch), ...

introduction frost is one of the most hazardous natural phenomena which it is at times accompanied by abundant damages in the life and properties. freezing and frost are very important for agricultural products in different stages of the growth. this is because, in case of happening, it results in the reduction of the products. frost is the stage of water freezing. in such condition, when the a...

Fruit and nut trees production is an important activity across the southwest United States this greatly impacted by local climate. Temperature main environmental factor influencing growth productivity of fruit as it affects trees’ physiology vulnerability flower bud, flowers, young to low temperatures or spring frost. The objective present study estimate chilling heat accumulation New Mexico. T...

Spring frost is a major limiting factor in the production and cultivation of apricot kernels, an ecological economic dry-fruit tree China. The frequent occurrence spring often coincides with blooming period resulting significant damage to floral organs reductions yield. We investigated molecular signature pistils from two kernel cultivars different frost-resistance levels using transcriptome da...

(In the 3rd of April 2008) and in the morning of (16 April 2008), the temperature reached - 6 ο C in some pistachio gardens of Kerman County especially in Sirjan. The coldness was so high that affected not only on the open flowers but also on bud endings and lop growth, So that the next year product was endangered, as well. In order to study the effect of some treatments and decrease the damage...

Global change increases the risk of extreme climatic events. The impact temperature may depend on tree species and also provenance. Ten provenances Fagus sylvatica L. were grown in a common garden environment Belgium subjected to different treatments. Half one year old seedlings submitted high thermal stress spring first year, all plants exposed late frost second year. high-temperature treated ...