OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to describe what proportion of variation in adult alcohol intake is attributable to genetic differences among individuals and what proportion to differences in environmental experiences individuals have been exposed to. Effects of age, gender, spousal resemblance, and cultural transmission of alcohol intake from parents to offspring were taken into account. M...

The present article explores how factual and fictional media portrayals may activate culturally shared racial and gender stereotypes and influence subsequent judgments involving members of stereotyped groups. In line with previous research (Power, Murphy, and Coover 1996), new data are presented that demonstrate that exposure to a stereotypic or counterstereotypic portrayal primes consistent in...

Domestic violence is a cause for major concern in psychiatry today, yet little is known about the amplitude and dynamics of spousal homicide and extended suicide. Within the jurisdiction of the Quebec Coroner's Office, the investigation files on all consecutive cases of deceased victims of intrafamilial violence occurring between 1991 and 1998 were reviewed. Using a validated checklist, a varie...

Infidelity is a major cause of divorce and spousal battering. Little is known, however, about which individuals are susceptible to infidelity, or about the relationship contexts that promote infidelity. This study of 107 married couples examines three sets of possible predictors of infidelity: Personality factors such as narcissism and conscientiousness; relationship contexts, including recurre...

Outlines 5 models of the temperature-aggression hypothesis: negative affect escape, simple negative affect, excitation transfer/misattribution, cognitive neoassociation, and physiological-thermoregulatory. Reviews relevant studies. Aggression measures include violent crime, spouse abuse, horn-honking, and delivery of electric shock. Analysis levels include geographic regional, seasonal, monthly...

Divorce is often accompanied by feelings of guilt towards the former spouse. So far, no scale has been available to measure such feelings. For this purpose, we developed the Guilt in Separation Scale (GiSS). Content validity was assured by using experts and lay experts to generate and select items. This item pool was comprehensive in terms of both content and quantity. Exploratory analyses were...

There is no doubt that jealousy is a source of great personal misery and an emotion with far-reaching social consequences. For example, jealousy is frequently implicated as a factor in relationship dissolution, spousal abuse and even murder (Daly & Wilson, 1988; Harris, 2003a). Despite its destructive side, jealousy also may have some positive effects for individuals and relationships. For exam...

OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of suffering in a spouse on prevalent and incident psychiatric (depression) and physical morbidity (cardiovascular disease [CVD]) in their partner, controlling for known risk factors for depression and CVD. DESIGN Descriptive longitudinal study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1,330 older married couples enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a large epidemiol...

Maternal self-efficacy predicts sensitive and responsive caregiving. Low maternal self-efficacy is associated with a higher incidence of postpartum depression. Maternal self-efficacy and postpartum depression can both be buffered by social support. Maternal self-efficacy and postpartum depression have both been linked independently, albeit in separate studies, to the experience of violent traum...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between carer's wellbeing and stressors and to assess if these associations are different for spousal and children carers of disabled elderly. METHODS Information was collected by home interviews of a population sample of carers (N = 195), who were providing assistance in activities of daily living to a community-dwelling popul...