医疗护理需要更新的地图。从 护理角度分析从医生及患者中 收集到的数据（ “ 大数据” ） 并以案例报告的形式在医学文 献上发表， 这是一种有助于更 新我们的医疗护理地图的工 具。地图是一种通用沟通工 具， 不同文化和语言的人都能 理解。每当我旅行到一个新的 城市时， 我首先要做的事情之 一就是查看地图。地图通常注 重呈现数据的一种特定概念或 策略， 这些数据是从大量可能 性中甄选而出， 且地图会因时 而变。从历史地图中不仅可以 洞悉过去已知的情况， 还能提 供关于地图本身的文化线索。 新的策略及新的思维方式通常 需要新的地图。地图是某一地区或领域的符号表 征，这些表征体现出地图中各种 元素之间的相互关系。导航地图 （包括路线图、地形图及天文图 等）是当今常用的一类地图。人 们如何利用地图来定向和定位是 一种高度的文化现象，且随时间 变化。例如，中世纪欧洲的 T-O (orbis te...

Abstr.-\ct.— New synonymy afforting American Scolytidae is proposed as follows: Acanthotomicus granulatus (Ferrari), n. comb. {^Miinips uncinatus Wood). Araptus dcyrollei (Blandford). new comb. ( -^Araplus insinuatus Wood), Cnesinus adiistus Schedl { = Cnesinus atrodeclivis Wood). Corlhylocurus mexicanus (Schedl). n. comb. {=Corthylus cylindricus Schodl). Corthylus collaris Blandford {=Corthylu...

Corolla length is a labile flower feature and has strong implications for pollinator success. However, the phenotypic and genetic bases of corolla elongation are not well known, largely due to a lack of good candidate genes for potential genetic exploration and functional work. We investigate both the cellular phenotypic differences in corolla length, as well as the genetic control of this trai...

Food utilization by the larvae of Toxorhynchites splendens (Wiedemann) was studied in the laboratory by offering larvae of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, Anopheles stephensi (Liston), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Quantitative analyses of data indicated that immature development was significantly faster with increase in food availability. The regression analysis showed that the degrees of the rela...

In the present work Trichodina reticulata and T. nobilis (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) are morphologically characterised from ornamental freshwater fish culture in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The prevalence of infection and a list of comparative measurements are discussed. We examined "southern platyfish" Xiphophorus maculatus (n = 35), "goldfish" Carassius auratus (n = 31), "guppy" Poec...

Examples of rarely reported dinoflagellates of the family Kofoidiniaceae F.J.R. Taylor (Noctilucales) from the northwest, equatorial and southeast Pacific Ocean are described and illustrated. Kofoidinium was the most ubiquitous genus with a maximum abundance of 10 cells L(-1). Specimens of this genus were identified to four species: Kofoidinium sp. that showed a pointed extension that emerges f...

Insects such as black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are gaining interest among researchers and the aquafeed industry due to fluctuating price supply of fish meal (FM). This study evaluated growth performance, feed stability, blood biochemistry, liver gut morphology Betta splendens using BSFL an alternative FM. Five formulated diets were prepared: 0% BSFL, 6.5% 13% 19.5% 24.5% BSFL. The expansion ra...

Aerial parts of 38 taxa, distributed in 21 genera and all three subfamilies of the Bromeliaceae have been examined for the presence of betaines. Glycinebetaine and trigonelline were isolated from all the plants studied, although the yields of both compounds were low. For glycinebetaine, values (based upon dry weight) varied from 0.0004% for Pitcairnia corallina to 0.087% for Tillandsia usneoide...

A combination of solid-phase-extraction (SPE) and reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia splendens (common name: “Asia Minor Wormwood”), an endemic Iranian species, afforded Zand E-melilotosides (1 and 2), Zand E-4-methoxy-melilotosides (3 and 4), and a new dimer, bis-ortho-Z-melilotoside (5, named...