Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) modifies conventional SEM through the use of a partial gas pressure in the microscope specimen chamber. Like conventional SEM, it has the resolution to image structure on the submicron lengthscale, but can also tolerate hydrated specimens if water vapour is used in the specimen chamber. This ability to image aqueous specimens leaves ESEM uniquel...

The influence of specimen polishing, specimen configuration, and specimen size on the transverse tension strength of two glass epoxy materials loaded in three and four point bending was evaluated. Polishing machined edges, and/or tension side failure surfaces, was detrimental to specimen strength characterization instead of yielding a higher, more accurate, strength as a result of removing inhe...

This paper presents the results of an investigation into performance fully encased composite columns under monotonic axial load using finite element simulation. The damage characteristics and specimen were mainly focused on influence compressive strength concrete size reinforcement. material was modeled plasticity (CDP), which incorporates hardening softening behaviors, steel metal plasticity. ...

background: autogenous osteochondral grafting of articular defect in weight-bearing surface of large joints has proven to be a proper biomechanical and physiological solution for localized full-thickness defects. objective: to study the gross and histopathological results of mosaicplasty in an animal model (sheep’s medial femoral condyle), evaluating the factors of defect and graft size, assess...

CrN/Cu composite powders were synthesized by employing a novel two-step technique. Firstly, the Cr2O3+CuO precursors were prepared by the solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method using cupric nitrate, urea, and chromium nitrate as initial materials. Subsequently, the SCS precursors were calcined at 850 °C in NH3 for 6 h, and transformed to CrN/Cu composite powders. The composite powders consi...

In this article, developing turbulent forced convection flow of a water-Al2O3 nanofluid in a square tube, subjected to constant and uniform wall heat flux, is numerically investigated. The mixture model is employed to simulate the nanofluid flow and the investigation is accomplished for particles size equal to 38 nm.An entropy generation analysis is also proposed in order to find the optimal wo...

Artificially bio-cemented sands treated with microbially induced calcite precipitation are weakly cemented rocks representing intermediate materials between locked and carbonate sands. Variations in cementation significantly affect the strength of sample, particularly tensile stregth. The modes fracture surface characteristics resulting from indirect tests (Brazilian tests) strongly correlated ...

A focused beam technique has been developed for diagnosing the characteristics of individual particles within a polydisperse ensemble. In the Rayleigh-Debye approximation the scattered fields are related to the orientation and properties of a scatterer by means of explicit analytic formulas. The results simplify when the particle size is small compared to the minimum beam diameter.

As an advanced heat exchanger for aero-turbine applications, a tubular-type was developed. To ensure the optimum performance of exchanger, it is necessary to assess structural integrity tubes, considering assembly processes such as brazing. In this study, fatigue tests at room temperature and 1000 K were performed 0.135 mm-thick alloy 625 tubes (outer diameter 1.5 mm), which brazed grip specime...

Bone specimens were obtained from four different sites in the ilium of necropsy cases using a Jamshidi 8G trephine needle. Undecalcified histological sections were prepared and two structural histomorphometric parameters were estimated. Estimates of the percentage of trabecular bone volume (%TBV) deviated systematically, with variation of the biopsy site around the usual location, increasing in...