We have employed a few-parameter estimation (FPE) technique to derive information on past surface temperature variations from present-day borehole temperatures. Synthetic experiments show that the FPE t•hnique can separate reasonably well information on century-long trends of surface temperature change from borehole temperatures within a .wide range of noise levels. The technique also allows a ...

A 49-year-old diabetic man presented with a 2-day history of a painful right eye associated with a purulent discharge. Prior to becoming symptomatic, he reported that someone spat at him, resulting in direct contact between the saliva and his affected eye. Gram stain revealed numerous leucocytes with Gram-negative diplococci, and culture yielded Neisseria meningitidis (serogroup C). There was n...

Sporadic mortalities were reported in june and july of 1992 and 1993 among batches of hatchery-reared larval Pacifie oys­ ter, Crassastrea gigas, and at the beginning of July and in August of 1993 among five batches of 3-7 month old young spats, C. gigas. Observations with transmission electron microscope sho­ wed the presence of herpes-like virus particles in infected larvae and young spats. T...

The major commercial marine bivalve in French aquaculture is the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Traditionally, bivalve culture relies on juvenile collection from the natural environment but due to the high year-to-year variation in spatfall recruitment the spat production in hatcheries is increasing recently. In this context, a better understanding of the biology of C. gigas larvae is requi...

The history of French oyster culture consists of a succession of developmental phases using different species, followed by collapses caused by diseases. The indigenous speciesOstrea eduliswas replaced first withCrassostrea angulata, thenC. gigas. France is now the top producer and consumer of oysters in Europe, producing around 120,000 t of the cupped oyster C. gigas annually, and an additional...

The high variability in natural recruitment of Pectinidae is a common feature many marine invertebrates with pelagic larval stage, but may negatively affect aquaculture activities. Detailed information on settlement patterns and spat availability required to reduce costs labor. In this regard, we attempted establish the precise immersion time deployment dates for collectors Taranto Gulf (Medite...

Star t ing f r om the thesis tha t the audience expects the speaker to mean the most typ ical case of the described class of events or si tuat ions w i t h respect to the communicated contex t , we explain a mechanism for representing and using typ ica l i t y d is t r ibut ions of static spat ia l relat ions which is related to Herskovits ' analyt ica l f ramework. Extended to restr ict ions o...

Aquaculture currently accounts for approximately half of all seafood produced and is the fastest growing farmed food sector globally. Marine bivalve aquaculture, farming oysters, mussels clams, represents a highly sustainable component this industry has major potential global expansion via increased efficiency, numbers of, production systems. Artificial spat propagation (i.e. settled juveniles)...

Surviving after settlement through the first year of life is a recognised bottleneck in up-scaling reef coral restoration. Incorporating spatial refugia devices has potential to alleviate some hazards experienced by young recruits, such as predation and accidental grazing, can increase likelihood survival size-escape thresholds. Yet optimising design microrefugia challenging due complexity phys...