in this study, the fluorogenic efficiency of fluorescamine for spectrofluorimetric analysis of primary amines was investigated. different mixtures of dichloromethane and other organic solvents were used for evaluation of fluorescence stability and intensity of fluorescamine derivative (pyrrolinone). solvents such as acetonitrile (acn), tetrahydrofuran (thf) and dioxane increase stability and in...

The catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes is known to be affected by presence of organic solvents in in vitro assays. However, these effects tend to be variable and depend on the substrate and CYP450 isoform in question. In the present study, we have investigated effect of ten water miscible organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylsulph...

Measurements of two-photon-excited fluorescence (TPF) of fluorescein and Rhodamine 6G in various solvents were performed with a continuous-wave (cw) laser for excitation and an acousto-optic tunable filter for spectral dispersion. Interestingly, the cw laser excitation produced an unwanted thermal-lens effect when the measurements were performed in solvents that absorb the excitation laser ligh...

Developing green solvents with low toxicity and cost is an important issue for the biochemical industry. Synthetic ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have received considerable attention due to their negligible volatility at room temperature, high solubilization ability, and tunable selectivity. However, the potential toxicity of the synthetic ionic liquids and the solid state at room tem...

Four chlorinated solvents-methylene chloride, perchloroethene (PCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethene (TCE)-were analyzed in samples of groundwater taken throughout the conterminous United States by the U.S. Geological Survey. The samples were collected between 1985 and 2002 from more than 5,000 wells. Of 55 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analyzed in groundwater samples, solvents w...

The purpose of this research work was to develop a novel, sensitive and accurate analytical method for quantification of 12 residual solvents in Dapagliflozin Amorphous by using a static headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) coupled with flame ionization detector (FID). Methanol, Ethanol, Diethyl ether, Methyl acetate, Dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate, Tetrahydrofuran, Cyclohexane, Isopropyl acetat...

There is a sustained interest in developing solvents for physically dissolving cellulose, i.e., without covalent bond formation. The use of ionic liquids, ILs, has generated much interest because of their structural versatility that results in efficiency as cellulose solvents. Despite some limitations, imidazole-based ILs have received most of the scientific community's attention. The objective...

The penetration rates of 10 hydrophobic solvents through the excised abdominal rat skin were quantitatively determined by using the in vitro method reported previously. The hydrophobic solvents studied were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, styrene, n-pentane, 2-methylpentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and n-octane. There was a great diversity in the ability of the hydrophobic solvents to pen...

General procedures, materials, and instrumentations. All airor water-sensitive reactions were carried out under a dry nitrogen atmosphere using standard Schlenk techniques. Fe and Ru ICP standards were obtained from Ricca Chemicals Co. (Arlington, TX). Unless otherwise stated, all chemicals and solvents were purchased from Aldrich Chemicals Co. (Milwaukee, WI) and used without further purificat...

Solvents can significantly alter the rates and selectivity of liquid-phase organic reactions, often hindering the development of new synthetic routes or, if chosen wisely, facilitating routes by improving rates and selectivities. To address this challenge, a systematic methodology is proposed that quickly identifies improved reaction solvents by combining quantum mechanical computations of the ...