Let F be a function. We say that F is uncurrying if and only if the conditions (Def. 1) are satisfied. (Def. 1)(i) For every set x such that x ∈ domF holds x is a function yielding function, and (ii) for every function f such that f ∈ domF holds F (f) = uncurry f. We say that F is currying if and only if the conditions (Def. 2) are satisfied. (Def. 2)(i) For every set x such that x ∈ domF holds...

Motion parallax provides cues to the three-dimensional layout of a viewed scene and, in particular, to surface tilt and slant. For example, as a textured surface, inclined around a horizontal axis, translates horizontally relative to an observer's view point, then, in the absence of head and eye movements, the observer's retinal flow will contain a one-dimensional (1D) vertical speed gradient. ...

Introduction: To enhance the dose to tumor, the use of high atomic number elements has been proposed. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticle distribution on dose enhancement in tumor when the tumor is irradiated by typical monoenergetic X-ray beams by considering homogeneous and inhomogeneous distributions of gold nanoparticles (GNPs)...

Delayed Ettringite Formation (DEF) and Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) are both endogenous swelling processes that can affect concrete. They lead to a decrease of the mechanical properties, cracking and unexpected deformations and thus induce severe concerns in terms of structural integrity for affected structures. This paper describes an experimental investigation concerning the mechanical eff...

interpretation: Domains and surroundings. Abstract interpretation is a general theory for specifying and designing approximate semantics of program languages [10]. Approximation can be equivalently formulated either in terms of Galois connections or closure operators [11]. An upper closure operator ρ : C → C on a poset C (uco(C ) for short), representing concrete objects, is monotone, idempoten...

Fuzzy relation inequalities based on max-F composition are discussed, where F is a binary aggregation on [0,1]. For a fixed fuzzy relation inequalities system $ A circ^{F}textbf{x}leqtextbf{b}$, we characterize all matrices $ A^{'} $ For which the solution set of the system $ A^{' } circ^{F}textbf{x}leqtextbf{b}$ is the same as the original solution set. Similarly, for a fixed matrix $ A $, the...

over the last ten years, robustness of schemes has raised an increasing interest among the cfd community. the objective of this article is to solve the quasi-one-dimensional compressible flow inside a “shubin nozzle” and to investigate bean-warming and flux vector splitting methods for numerical solution of compressible flows. two different conditions have been considered: first, there is a sup...

We introduce Z-module structures which are extensions of additive loop structure and are systems 〈 a carrier, a zero, an addition, an external multiplication 〉, where the carrier is a set, the zero is an element of the carrier, the addition is a binary operation on the carrier, and the external multiplication is a function from Z× the carrier into the carrier. Let us mention that there exists a...

This paper describes the synthesis of a new typeof nanowires, potassium tetracyanoplatinate sesquihydrate Krogmann salt or K(def )TCP. Seed-mediated electrocrystallization nucleates and confines the K(def )TCP crystals into nanowires. Our data show that the width of K(def )TCP scales proportionally with the diameter of the seed, which is consistent with the nanoconfinement effect of the seed. K...

where x ∈ N is a vector of decision or choice variables, α ∈ A is a vector of parameters, f (·) is the twice continuously differentiable objective function, that is, f (·) ∈ C (2), and φ(·) is the indirect or maximized objective function. This is terminology you should be more or less familiar with from prior courses. Because we will deal repeatedly with vectors and matrices as well as the deri...