Solar cell fabrication on flexible thin plastic sheets needs deposition of transparent conducting anode layers at low temperatures. ITO thin films are deposited on glass by RF sputtering at substrate temperature of 70◦C and compare their phase, morphology, optical, and electrical properties with commercial ITO. The films contain smaller nanocrystallites in (222) preferred orientation and exhibi...

A solution-grown subwavelength antireflection coating has been investigated for enhancing the photovoltaic efficiency of thin film solar cells. The 100-nm-height ZnO nanorods coating benefited the photocurrent of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells from 31.7 to 34.5 mA/cm2 via the decrease of surface light reflectance from 14.5% to 7.0%, contributed by the gradual refractive index profile between air and ...

The preparation of thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO2) films in an economical way is of interest to realizing the application of smart windows. Here, we reported a successful preparation of self-assembly VO2 nanoplate films on TiO2-buffered glass by a facile hydrothermal process. The VO2 films composed of triangle-shaped plates standing on substrates exhibit a self-generated porous structure, ...

In the present research, continuous measurements of global solar radiation (G) and UVB are taken in different climate sites during period time from 1986 to 2020 for all weather conditions. The differences between measured calculated energy values vary 1% 2.2%. average hourly intensity ratio current study's total was 0.294%. contrast, UVBext. corresponding Gext., UVBext./Gext., 1.563%, demonstra...

Tandem solar cells constructed from a crystalline silicon (c-Si) bottom cell and a low-cost top cell offer a promising way to ensure long-term price reductions of photovoltaic modules. We present a four-terminal tandem solar cell consisting of a methyl ammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) top cell and a c-Si heterojunction bottom cell. The CH3NH3PbI3 top cell exhibits broad-band transparency ow...

Thermochromic coatings based on vanadium dioxide exhibit great potential in various fields, including smart energy-saving windows with temperature-dependent transmittance the infrared at preserved visible. However, these promises come challenges concerning low-temperature preparation of high-quality crystalline VO 2 -based films by industry-friendly techniques and simultaneous optimization all ...

Solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs), which are used for various applications, (particularly small size electronic devices), have optical concentration systems for high energy conversion efficiency. In this study, a refraction-assisted STEG (R-STEG) is designed based on phase-change materials. As the phase-change material (PCM) changes phase from solid to liquid, its refractive index and tra...

The purpose of this work is to determine the optical properties of the atmosphere and water column using the SRS technique by knowing only the absolute downwelling irradiance at two wavelengths at a known depth, for a given date, time and position. It is straight forward to calculate the total path transmittance (a single value representing the combined water and atmospheric attenuation) by kno...