The bidirectional reflectance characteristics of vegetation canopies vary with time of day and through the growing season. In this study the effects of sun and view angles on bidirectional reflectance factors from corn (Zea mays L.) canopies ranging in development from the six leaf stage to harvest maturity were examined. For nadir-acquired reflectance factors there was a strong solar angle dep...

Apollo X ray spectrometer data provide chemical information for 9% of the lunar surface. Galileo solid state imaging system (SSI) multispectral data for the Moon are employed to reexamine the long-accepted positive correlation between lunar surface reflectance (or albedo) and aluminum concentration, derived from Apollo X ray spectrometer data. The overall goal of the analysis is to quantify the...

where SOC is the surface organic content; R, G, and B are image intensity values in the red, blue and green Past research has attempted to relate surface characteristics of soils bands, respectively; and a, b, c and d are curve-fit paramto reflectance from remotely sensed images to provide a means for quantifying spatial heterogeneity. Existing procedures have proven eters. The Chen et al. (200...

The Botanical Plant Modelling System (BPMS) [1] [2] is used to simulate the directional reflectance of a barley canopy. The ability of linear BRDF model kernels to describe the directional reflectance of this canopy relatively accurately is confirmed. Rather than accepting this as a (form of) 'validation' of the simple model, a more interesting line is followed whereby the factors controlling t...

c-means clustering of remotely sensed (RS) data, and multiple linear regression relating spectral response to Knowledge of surface soil properties is used to assess past erosion soil attributes may be used to evaluate variability in and predict erodibility, determine nutrient requirements, and assess surface texture for soil survey applications. This study was designed to surface soil propertie...

The Visible/near-infrared reflectance (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy combined with multiple regression methods have been employed to assess various soil properties quantitatively. However, useless or irrelevant information in some bands worsen the performances of the calibrated models. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) is an effective technique for selecting informative variables, and its applicat...

Leaf area index (LAI) is a crucial biophysical parameter that is indispensable for many biophysical and climatic models. A neural network algorithm in conjunction with extensive canopy and atmospheric radiative transfer simulations is presented in this paper to estimate LAI from Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus data. Two schemes were explored; the first was based on surface reflectance, ...

In this study, we demonstrate that partial least-squares regression analysis with full cross-validation of spectral reflectance data estimates the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated tropical rainforest soils. We applied the approach to 137 field-moist intact soil samples collected from three oil spill sites in Ogoniland in the Niger Delta province (5.317°N, 6.4...

Canopy water content is a dynamic quantity that depends on the balance between water losses from transpiration and water uptake from the soil. Absorption of shortwave radiation by water is determined by various frequencies that match overtones of fundamental bending and stretching molecular transitions. Leaf water potential and relative water content are important variables for determining wate...

Soil salinity is one of the most damaging environmental problems worldwide, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. An integrated approach using remote sensing in addition to various statistical methods has shown success for developing soil salinity prediction models. The aim of this study was to develop statistical regression models based on remotely sensed indicators to predict and map spat...