A method for the determination of trace amounts of the herbicide oxadiazon was developed using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and selected ion monitoring. It was applied to determine oxadiazon in ground water, agricultural soil, must, wine and human urine samples. To determine oxadiazon in liquid samples, a response surface methodol...

field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of thiobencarb and oxadiargyl herbicides on rice (oryza sativa l.) and their possible residual effects on spinach (spinacea oleracea l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) at dashtnaz and gharakhil agricultural research stations, iran. treatments included thiobencarb at 3.16 and 6.33 kg a.i. ha-1, oxadiargyl at 0.15 and 0.30 kg a.i. ha-1 and ...

Vegetated filter strips (VFS) potentially reduce the off-site movement of herbicides from adjacent agricultural fields by increasing herbicide mass infiltrated (Minf) and mass adsorbed (Mas) compared with bare field soil. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature concerning the contribution of Mas to the VFS herbicide trapping efficiency (TE). Moreover, no study has evaluated TE ...

Bernd Schneider, Manfred Stock, Gernot Schneider, Horst Robert Schütte, Klaus Schreiber Institute o f Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 0-4050 Halle/S. Angela Brauner, Ernst Ulrich Kaußmann Bayer AG, Crop Protection Research, Environmental Research, Institute for Metabolism, W-5090 Leverkusen, Bayerwerk Z. Naturforsch. 47 c , 120-125 (1992); received June 18/October 24, 1991 Herbicide, Amitrole, ...

This research intended to investigate if the presence of pesticides in the soil could affect the pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch. (Sorokin) for Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) and assess the effect of conidia application as suspension or dry conidia. The fungicides chlorothalonyl and tebuconazol, the acaricide abamectin, the insecticide trichlorfon, and the herbicide ametrin were appl...

Climate change is a major issue facing humanity, and the most common method for growing rice manual puddled transplanted (PTR). Direct-seeded (DSR) becoming increasingly popular due to its reduced methane emissions labour costs. However, there are drawbacks this transition, such as an increase in weeds, herbicide resistance, nitrous oxide emissions, nutritional disorders, soil-borne diseases. T...

Moving towards sustainable agriculture implies exploring the interconnections between farming and the environment, and soil is a key component of sustainability. Mulching is one of the methods to protect and enhance the productivity of the soil. We studied here the effect of mulching applied to mandarin tree rows for weed control in two localities near Tortosa, Spain, to compare its performance...

Dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), one of the most toxic chemicals known, is an impurity arising in the manufacture of the herbicide 2,4,5-T. When 2,4,5-T is used to control unwanted vegetation in forest management, the impurity may find its way into the forest soil. The production, behavior, and significance of TCDD in the environment has become known only in recent years (DAV...

Five photosynthesis inhibiting herbicides were com pared for their mobility in soil colum ns used as the penetration m odel. The vertical m ovem ent o f these com pounds in soil was an a ­ lyzed by a newly developed technique in which herbicide distribution was determ ined by the intensity o f chlorophyll fluorescence in Chlorella cells suspended in aqueous extracts o f soil samples from variou...

A field experiment was conducted in a cider-apple orchard to evaluate the effect of six groundcover management systems (pine-bark, plastic and straw mulches, tillage, herbicide and natural soil) on the occurrence of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Eight species of carabids were collected in pitfall traps. The three most common beetles, Steropus gallega Fairmaire (65.8%), Pseudophonus ru...