Distance Education has become widespread in the United States. Many have questioned the appropriateness of distance education when the research clearly demonstrates that most learners prefer to learn in traditional educational settings. Because of the availability of sophisticated telecommunications systems there has been a redefinition of distance education, and an attempt to use technology to...

This thesis tries to add knowledge to the planning new public space amid existing urban fabrics. It uses the redesigned Cheonggye Stream in Seoul as a case study. By elucidating the interrelationship with the surrounding areas' land uses and urban forms, some implications are drawn from the Cheonggye Stream case to increase physical and psychological accessibility. Several points can be drawn f...

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the evolution of social presence research in the field of distance education and identified problems in investigating this construct. The researchers took an integrative review on existing social presence studies to answer three questions: (a) How definitions of social presence evolved since its establishment (b) How research focus shifted...

Before effective anti-poverty policy can be designed and implemented, the extent, trend and distribution of poverty must be identified. In this sense, poverty measurement is a crucial intermediate step in public policymaking and development planning. This paper asks whether the estimated proportion of the world’s population with income below US$1 (adjusted according to purchasing power parity) ...

In this paper we study the sequence (ci)0≤i≤d for a distance-regular graph. In particular we show that if d ≥ 2j and cj = c > 1 then c2j > c holds. Using this we give improvements on diameter bounds by Hiraki and Koolen [5], and Pyber [8], respectively, by applying this inequality.

Online referral systems help firms attract new customers and expand their customer base by leveraging the social relationships of existing customers. We integrate ultimatum game theory, which focuses on fairness, with motivation theories to investigate the effects of social distance and monetary incentives on the performance of three competing designs for online referral systems: rewarding only...

We prove an inequality for functions on the discrete cube {0, 1} extending the edgeisoperimetric inequality for sets. This inequality turns out to be equivalent to the following claim about random walks on the cube: Subcubes maximize ’mean first exit time’ among all subsets of the cube of the same cardinality.

Biggs conjectured that the resistance between any two points on a distanceregular graph of valency greater than 2 is bounded by twice the resistance between adjacent points. We prove this conjecture, give the sharp constant for the inequality, and display the graphs for which the conjecture most nearly fails. Some necessary background material is included, as well as some consequences.

Direct gaze and interpersonal proximity are known to lead to changes in psycho-physiology, behavior and brain function. We know little, however, about subtler facial reactions such as rise and fall in temperature, which may be sensitive to contextual effects and functional in social interactions. Using thermal infrared imaging cameras 18 female adult participants were filmed at two interpersona...

We examine experimentally how a person's generosity depends on the sex of that person, on the sex of the person who is the target of the generous act, and on the degree of anonymity between the interacting parties. In our data fewer men than women give non-zero amounts; men receive less than women; and less is given when subjects receive money publicly on stage than when payments are private. T...