Abstract Background Health messages on e-cigarette packs emphasise nicotine addiction or harms using similar wording to warnings cigarette packs. These may not be appropriate for e-cigarettes which constitute a reduced risk alternative smokers. This research aimed (1) develop and test selection of relative products; (2) compare these the two current EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) messages;...

The aim of this study was to assess smoking impact on oral health-related quality life (OHRQoL). A cross-sectional carried out with smokers and non-smokers patients scheduled at a Faculty Dentistry in Brazil. Sociodemographic data were collected problems assessed through “Oral Health Impact Profile-14” (OHIP-14) questionnaire. World Organization criteria used dental caries periodontal disease. ...

Background and objective:Cytogenetic damage in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells due to environmental and occupational exposure is often monitored by micronucleus (MN) assay using liquid based cytology (LBC) preparations. This study was performed to evaluate MN in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells of building construction workers using LBC preparations. <strong...

Background: Lipid profile changes are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease with increasing prevalence in our society due to poor nutritional habits, sedentary, and smoking. Owing to lack of epidemiological data in this area, this study was designed to investigate lipid profile and morbidity risk in smokers and non- smokers in Babol, North of Iran. Methods: In this study, 204 young men...

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues. The present study was conducted to evaluate Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interferon gamma (IFN-&gamma;) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 60 men including 30 smokers and 30 age-matched non-smokers. The ...

conclusions the research revealed that nonsmokers showed better mental health and dyadic adjustment than smokers, thus suggesting that smoking endangers and can impair the tranquility of families and that smoking also threatens the dyadic adjustment of couples. background the mental health and dyadic adjustment of smokers is a matter of serious concern which brings many demerits on mental healt...

Background: Smoking is a global problem that negatively affects human health and fertility the endocrine functions of male reproductive system. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate influence different types tobacco smoking (cigarette, hookah, electronic) on semen parameters sex hormones in males from Gaza Strip. Methods Materials: A total 206 samples were classified into 156 cases ...

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate in developed countries. The principal risk factor for lung is tobacco use, with residential radon being leading among never smokers and second ever smokers. We sought to estimate attributable exposure Spain its Autonomous Regions, correction dwelling height differentiation by use. applied a prevalence-based method estimating mortality. For estimations,...

abstract   background : noise is the most common hazard in the workplace and noise induced hearing loss considered to be the most common occupational disease as well. cigarette smoking, in some studies, has been known to induce hearing loss. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of contemporary exposure to occupational noise and cigarette smoking on hearing.   methods : 478 assem...