Background/Aims Patients with gastroparesis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often report decreased enjoyment when eating. Some patients remark that food does not smell or taste the same. To determine if taste and/or smell disturbances are present in patients with gastroparesis and/or GERD and relate these to gastrointestinal symptom severity. Methods Patients with gastroparesis and...

After a total laryngectomy the upper and lower airways are disconnected resulting in a wide range of adverse effects, e.g. deterioration of nasal functions in breathing, loss or decrease of normal sense of smell and taste, as well as loss of normal voice. Recently, a new method that can restore the sense of smell in laryngectomized patients has been developed, the Nasal Airflow-Inducing Maneuve...

If any sense modality represents, vision does, but argument is needed to show that smell does. This paper rebuts two reasons for doubting that smell represents, and offers several arguments that it does. The paper then considers several recent proposals as to exactly what a smell represents, and defends a version of the author's original proposal-that a smell represents a miasma in the air-agai...

OBJECTIVES To study the effects of age and cognition on the performance of children aged 3 to 18 years on a culturally adapted version of the 16 item smell identification test from Sniffin' Sticks (SS16). METHODS A series of pilots were conducted on 29 children aged 3 to 18 years old and 23 adults to produce an adapted version of the SS16 suitable for Brazilian children (SS16-Child). A final ...

abstract trademarks describe the goods or services that its owners are using sign to distinct their goods or services from competitor’s goods or services. these symptoms are so far mainly includes a range of traditional symptoms such as visual symptoms. but in the two past decades, smell trademarks also stepped into the sphere. smell trademarks are too strong indicator of origin. this feature i...

Odor identification was assessed in 20 Huntington's disease (HD) patients, 20 normal adults with the genetic mutation that causes HD, and 20 mutation-negative adults. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) revealed substantial odor identification deficits only in HD patients.