the best deal. nowhere is more real than today business environment which affect the success or otherwise of any business venture. several authors have attributed failure of businesses particularly small and medium scale enterprises to various factors ranging from training of the entrepreneur to exposure and experience while some analysts opined that business environment could impact on small a...

The present study was carried out to evaluate an innovative veterinary catheter for cystostomy that we have developed small pets, while the technique is management of clinical cases obstructive urolithiais, this operation including new devoted emergency and usual in order minimize most frequent complications engender by other catheters procedures are widely used practice with urinary obstructio...

Small area estimation techniques are employed when sample data are insufficient for acceptably precise direct estimation in domains of interest. These techniques typically rely on regression models that use both covariates and random effects to explain variation between domains. However, such models also depend on strong distributional assumptions, require a formal specification of the random p...

Estimation of small area means in the presence of area level auxiliary information is considered. A class of estimators based on local polynomial regression is proposed. The assumptions on the area level regression are considerably weaker than standard small area models. Both the small area mean functions and the between area variance function are modeled as smooth functions of area level covar...

Riassunto: L’esigenza sempre più frequente di ottenere stime relative a zone e domini ridotti che non sono stati considerati tali al momento del disegno dell’indagine, ha determinato lo sviluppo di metodi statistici di stima per piccole aree. Questo lavoro ha lo scopo di valutare la possibilità di migliorare le stime dei parametri di interesse attraverso l’introduzione di un modello spaziale ne...

Valmária Rocha da Silva ∗ Fernando Antônio da Silva Moura † Abstract The main aim of this work is to propose two important connected extensions of the Fay and Heriot (1979) area level small area estimation model that might be of practical and theoretical interests. The first extension allows for the sampling error to be non-symmetrically distributed. This is important for the case that the samp...