Wind routinely topples trees during storms, and the likelihood that a tree is toppled depends critically on its allometry. Yet none of the existing theories to explain tree allometry consider wind drag on tree canopies. Since leaf area index in crowded, self-thinning stands is independent of stand density, the drag force per unit land can also be assumed to be independent of stand density, with...

The anti-slide packing is a packing of a number of three dimensional pieces of same size into a larger box such that none of them can slide in any direction. In this paper, we consider the problem of how to find a sparsest anti-slide packing. We give an IP formulation of this problem, and obtain the solutions for some small cases by using an IP solver. In addition, we give the upper and lower b...

It is a general belief among the designers of block-ciphers that even a relatively weak cipher may become very strong if its number of rounds is made very large. In this paper we describe a new generic known(or sometimes chosen-) plaintext attack on product ciphers, which we call the slide attack and which in many cases is independent of the number of rounds of a cipher. We illustrate the power...

A prospective study, including 112 patients, designed to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of slide-touch and pleural lavage cytology for diagnosis of pleural micrometastases in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Histopathologically, excised tumors showed P0 in 22 patients (19%), P1 in 44 patients (39%), P2 in 32 patients (29%), P3 in 14 patients (13%). Cytological examination ...

Operative procedure The pedicle screws in the proximal site of osteotomy are not connected to the rod to permit spinal shortening in the postoperative course. When a connector is used between a pedicle screw and a rod, the connector is not fixed to the rod to allow it to slide on the rod. When a connector is not used, the rod is only placed in the screw head with reinforcement by some sets of c...

Abstract The effects of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) can be devastating, so understanding their internal dynamics and evolution is important for hazard assessment. We use damaged trees located around Mount St. Helens (USA) as proxy the dynamic pressure ( P dyn ) PDC erupted on 18 May 1980. recorded location, distribution, foliage preservation within medial distal parts devastated forest....

UNLABELLED We report a case of erythrodermic psoriasis with bullous pemphigoid (BP) in a 68-year-old male. The patient had a history of psoriasis for 35 years and tense, blisterlike lesions for 4 months. He presented with diffuse flushing, infiltrative swelling, and tense blisterlike lesions on his head, trunk, and limbs. This patient was successfully treated by a combination of methotrexate an...

Catastrophic outburst floods carved amphitheater-headed canyons on Earth and Mars, and the steep headwalls of these canyons suggest that some formed by upstream headwall propagation through waterfall erosion processes. Because topography evolves in concert with water flow during canyon erosion, we suggest that bedrock canyon morphology preserves hydraulic information about canyon-forming floods...

Controlled by regional geological background, and affected human activity weathering, toppling deformation slopes occur in different regions China. Based on statistics about domestic their distribution, the susceptibility zonation area of was determined. Firstly, a evaluation conducted according to these slopes, choosing landform, stratigraphic age, seismic intensity tectonic stress study divid...