Background Penicillin skin testing (PST) with the major determinant (benzyl-penicilloyl) and minor determinant mix (penicillin G, benzyl-penicilloate, and benzyl-penilloate) is one of the major diagnostic tools in the evaluation of a penicillin allergy mediated by IgE. The PST begins with a skin prick test (SP) with the above components and, if negative, then proceeds to an intradermal testing ...

Recent advances in microfluidic cell cultures enable the construction of in vitro human skin models that can be used for drug toxicity testing, disease study. However, current in vitro skin model have limitations to emulate real human skin due to the simplicity of model. In this paper, we describe the development of 'skin-on-a-chip' to mimic the structures and functional responses of the human ...

OBJECTIVE To determine if more useful information could be derived from delayed type hypersensitivity skin testing of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients by measuring the amount of induration in response to skin testing in contrast to assessing for the presence of anergy. DESIGN Prospective, double-blind trial. SETTING Two HIV clinics. PATIENTS A sample of 60 ambulatory, ...

In vitro testing of drugs with excised human skin is a valuable prerequisite for clinical studies. However, the analysis of excised human skin presents several obstacles. Ongoing drug diffusion, microbial growth and changes in hydration state influence the results of drug penetration studies. In this work, we evaluate freeze-drying as a preserving preparation method for skin samples to overcome...

Penicillin, or other forms of it, is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. Penicillin allergy may present with a wide range of symptoms and signs from mild ones such as runny nose, rash or hives on the skin, to deadly angioedema, asthmatic attack, and anaphylactic shock. The purposes of a penicillin skin test (PST) are to identify people at risk of a...

Skin is one of the outermost body defenses which often exposed to foreign objects. Cleaning dirt on skin done using soap. Cow's milk contains protein and fat effective moisturize nourish skin. This study aims make liquid soap preparations from cow's that serves increase moisture The began with collection milks small medium businesses in city Cimahi organoleptic characteristics testing. Then a s...

S KIN testing is one of the basic investigative procedures used by most allergists. The preference for any one test varies great.ly among the different workers. Four different tests were evaluated in this study: puncture, intracutaneous, conjunctival, and serial dilution intracutaneous threshold test. There was a total of 215 patients who were clinically sensitive to ragweed or grass pollens. T...

Cholesterol 1,2,3 9 (TM) is being promoted as a non-invasive way to measure cholesterol that has accumulated in a person's skin. The test received a medical device licence from Health Canada in January 2001. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2002. This test is not intended to be used as a screening tool for coronary artery disease in the general population. ...

The skin prick test (SPT) is the most appropriate diagnostic approach to identify IgE sensitization to aeroallergens, foods, hymenoptera venom and some pharmacological compounds. SPT is considered a safe diagnostic approach, but several fatal or near-fatal reactions have been described. Based on the literature, the occurrence of systemic reactions with inhalant allergens has diminished over the...