Purpose of the study: Haptic technology, which can qualitatively expand virtual or augmented reality experiences beyond sensation ear and eye, is realized by electrical mechanical stimulation afferent nerves mechanoreceptors. In this review, researchers highlight biological basis for suggest advanced direction in electric tactile-based haptic system using low impedance materials.
 Methodol...

Fractional calculus is a mathematical approach dealing with derivatives and integrals of arbitrary and complex orders. Therefore, it adds a new dimension to understand and describe basic nature and behavior of complex systems in an improved way. Here we use the fractional calculus for modeling electrical properties of biological systems. We derived a new class of generalized models for electric...

We present the design and use of an ultrathin, stretchable sensor system capable of conformal lamination onto the skin, for precision measurement and spatial mapping of levels of hydration. This device, which we refer to as a class of 'epidermal electronics' due to its 'skin-like' construction and mode of intimate integration with the body, contains miniaturized arrays of impedance-measurement ...