Alessandro Codivilla was born and raised in Bologna. His father was a pawnbroker [4] and he evidently tutored students to finance his education. He completed his medical education at the University of Bologna in 1886 and trained in general surgery as an assistant to Loreta and Poggi, following which he had successive appointments at several hospitals. In 1898 he was offered the directorship of ...

This study was performed for the purpose of comparing the magnitude of cervical vertebral separation during cervical traction in supine and seated positions using home traction units. A repeated measures design with two within-subject factors (type of traction and time) was used. Seventeen asymptomatic volunteers received cervical traction in seated and supine position. Subjects received 5 minu...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cervical traction on the soleus H reflex amplitude in stroke patients. Cervical traction with intensity of 3 kgw was performed on six stroke patients. The soleus H reflex was evoked before, during, and after the cervical traction. All subjects showed smaller H reflex amplitudes in the second and third minutes after traction than before...

three cases who underwent surgery in different areas of the craniofacial region were reported with bradycardia developing intraoperatively during flap traction. many cases of the oculocardiac reflex during treatment of the orbital region have been reported in the literature. this manuscript recorded that reflex bradycardia can occur during traction or stretching of any structure innervated by t...

Kinect v2 sensor does not provide depth information and skeletal traction function in near distance from the sensor. That is why many researches, to recognize hand gestures, are focused on the skeletal tracking only inside the range of detection. This paper proposes a method which can recognize hand gestures in the distance less than 0.5 meter without conventional skeletal tracking when Kinect ...

This study evaluated the posttreatment and long-term anteroposterior and vertical mandibular changes in skeletal Class II Division 1 patients (ANB angle >or= 5 degrees ) treated with Kloehn cervical headgear. The sample consisted of 40 patients (18 males, 22 females, average age 10.5 years at pretreatment [T1], 13.5 years at posttreatment [T2], and 23.5 years at postretention [T3]) treated with...

Orthodontic anchorage is defined as resistance to undesired tooth movement. In the anteroposterior dimension, 3 anchorage situations are traditionally defined by the ratio of incisor retraction to molar protraction. While moderate anchorage entails reciprocal space closure, maximum anchorage means that most of the space is closed by retraction of the incisors, and minimum anchorage means that m...

background prostate traction is one way to control post-prostatectomy bleeding. the most popular method involves traction with a catheter fixed to the thigh with adhesive bands. however, this method has its own drawbacks. objectives we aimed to simplify this traction procedure and to overcome its disadvantages. patients and methods from 2007 - 2015, a new method was used to control post-prostat...

Focal adhesions (FAs) are integrin-based transmembrane assemblies that connect a cell to its extracellular matrix (ECM). They are mechanosensors through which cells exert actin cytoskeleton-mediated traction forces to sense the ECM stiffness. Interestingly, FAs themselves are dynamic structures that adapt their growth in response to mechanical force. It is unclear how the cell manages the plast...