A framework for tactical situation awareness is presented and used to compare current technology systems with a prototype system supporting tactical situation awareness. The prototype, which is being developed by Australia’s Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) at Edinburgh in its Experimental Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence Technology Environment (EXC3ITE), inte...

As a result of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are expected to be integrated into the National Airspace System (NAS) by 2015. Several human factors challenges need to be addressed before UAS can safely and routinely fly in the NAS with manned aircraft. Perhaps the most significant challenge is for the UAS to be non-disruptive to the air traffic manage...

BACKGROUND A loss of adequate Situation Awareness (SA) may play a major role in the genesis of critical incidents in anesthesia and critical care. This observational study aimed to determine the frequency of SA errors in cases of a critical incident reporting system (CIRS). METHODS Two experts independently reviewed 200 cases from the German Anesthesia CIRS. For inclusion, reports had to be r...

Human attention, rather than information, has become the critical resource for situation awareness (SA) and decision-making in many command and control (C2) environments. The impact of new information technologies and the evolving nature of missions to demand richer and more complex interactions (joint, coalition, inter-agency) have resulted in new approaches to C2 that place unique demands on ...

In this article we review and assess human-centered level of automation (LOA), an alternate approach to traditional, technology-centered design of automation in dynamic-control systems. The objective of human-controlled LOA is to improve human-machine performance by taking into account both operator and technological capabilities. Automation literature has shown that traditional automation can ...

Spatial awareness is important in domains where safety hinges on human operators keeping track of the relative locations of objects in the environment. While a variety of subjective and judgment-based measures have been used to evaluate spatial awareness, none have probed all three of its levels: (1) identification of environmental objects, (2) their current locations relative to the operator, ...

Although maintaining situation awareness (SA) is a critical skill for many complex tasks, there have thus far been few rigorous computational approaches to modeling SA behavior and performance. We developed a preliminary computational model of SA focused on remembering the locations of static objects in the visual field. We built this model on the foundation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture,...

An option to ensure that operators of complex systems have adequate situation awareness (SA) to support decision making and action is to train them to acquire and maintain SA. This paper expands upon an original approach to the problem of training and aiding SA skills in real-time operations by adding an intelligent debriefing capability. The system logs detected discrepancies from expected per...

We present an empirical evaluation of the utility of a systems perspective on measuring and modeling Situation Awareness (SA) in a laboratory simulation requiring submarine stealth judgments to be made in an uncertain task environment. Applying the model to a comparison of baseline versus perceptually augmented interface conditions revealed that augmentation had both positive and negative effec...

Increasing levels of automation and rising costs of manpower are pushing the DoD towards a supervisory control paradigm for future unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) missions. Using the Supervisory Control Operations User Testbed, a group of 20 participants completed two twenty minute supervisory control missions where eye tracking and performance data were collected. Each mission had 3 levels of ta...