Camera models are essential infrastructure in computer graphics, visualization, and vision. The most frequently used model is the planar pinhole camera, because it approximates the human eye well, producing familiar images, and because it is simple, enabling efficient software and hardware implementations. However, the requirement that all rays pass through a common point is restrictive and rel...

We theoretically study the dc Josephson effect between two volumes of superfluid He-B. We first discuss how the calculation of the current-phase relationships is divided into mesoscopic and macroscopic problems. We then analyze mass and spin currents and the symmetry of weak links. In quantitative calculations the weak link is assumed to be a pinhole, whose size is small in comparison to the co...

High-temperature surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing is significant for practical detections, and pinhole-containing (PC) metal@oxide structures possessing both enhanced thermal stability and superior SERS sensitivity are served as promising SERS sensors at extreme sensing conditions. Through tuning the Al2O3 precursors' exposure time during atomic layer deposition (ALD), Al2O3 she...

Radiologic studies of the nasolacrimal system following instillation of various opaque media have been found to be of value in patients with epiphora. However, there are certain disadvantages with these methods. Extravasation of the oily opaque media into the surrounding tissues may subsequently result in the development of pseudopolycystic sacs. The use of too highly concentrated solutions of ...

Purpose To demonstrate the viability of improving transverse image resolution in reflectance scanning adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy using sub-Airy disk confocal detection. Methods The foveal cone mosaic was imaged in five human subjects free of known eye disease using two custom adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopes (AOSLOs) in reflectance with 7.75 and 4.30 mm pupil diameters. Conf...

The Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK This project’s goal is to design a SPECT insert for a clinical MRI system for simultaneous brain SPECT/MR imaging. We assume the stationary SPECT insert will consist of two rings of ∼5x5-cm SiPM-based detectors insensitive to magnetic fields, with 0.8-mm intrinsic resolution. The maximum diameter is 44.5 cm, the minimum di...

Perfect crystals in the asymmetric Bragg geometry are evaluated as optical elements for manipulating coherent X-ray beams. Such optics can be used to modify the transverse coherence length of a synchrotron X-ray beam, with the intention of increasing the usable coherent flux. The wavelength range, angular divergence and flux of X-rays passing through a pinhole aperture are examined in detail, a...

We have previously demonstrated the potential of multi-pinhole coded apertures when used in conjunction with compact pixelated detectors for high resolution, high sensitivity small animal SPECT. We are now constructing a prototype SPECT system with three such detectors mounted on a rotating gantry. Each detector comprises a 12 cm diameter circular array of NaI(Tl) crystals, each 1x1x5 mm3 on a ...

A recent key requirement in life sciences is the observation of biological processes in their natural in vivo context. However, imaging techniques that allow fast imaging with higher resolution in 3D thick specimens are still limited. Spinning disk confocal microscopy using a Yokogawa Confocal Scanner Unit, which offers high-speed multipoint confocal live imaging, has been found to have wide ut...