introduction: the regulation of the body fluid content (osmoregulation) of an aquatic animal, is performed by several organs. in fish, osmoregulatory mechanisms are based on the function of specialized cells (ionocytes) located in various tissues and organs including gills. na+, k+-atpase is one of the main osmoregulatory enzymes enabling the use of atp as a source of energy for ion transport t...

Freshwater protected areas are designated parts of the inland waters that restrict human activities. They were created as a mechanism to combat decline fauna and flora world. Some authors have questioned their actual effectiveness in terms purpose protecting endangered flora. We conducted an experiment Lipno reservoir Czech Republic evaluate impact protection against angling pressure on fish co...