Thin-film electrets have been patterned with trapped charge with submicrometer resolution using a flexible, electrically conductive electrode. A poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamp, patterned in bas-relief and supporting an 80-nanometer-thick gold film, is brought into contact with an 80-nanometer-thick film of poly(methylmethacrylate) supported on n-doped silicon. A voltage pulse between the gold fil...

Mirage effect is contactless and non destructive method which has been used a lot to determine thermal properties of different  kind of samples , transverse photothermal deflection PTD in  skimming configuration with ccd camera  and special programs is used to determine thermal conductivity of porous silicon ps  film. Ps samples were prepared by electrochemical etching. Thermal conductivity wit...

Mirage effect is contactless and non destructive method which has been used a lot to determine thermal properties of different  kind of samples , transverse photothermal deflection PTD in  skimming configuration with ccd camera  and special programs is used to determine thermal conductivity of porous silicon ps  film. Ps samples were prepared by electrochemical etching. Thermal conductivity wit...

Stopping the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) once and maintaining the film in a vacuum for 30 s were performed. This was done several times during the formation of a film of i-layer microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) used in thin-film silicon tandem solar cells. This process aimed to reduce defect regions which occur due to collision with neighboring grains as the film becomes...

germanium nanowires (genws) were synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (cvd) based on vapor–liquid–solid (vls) mechanism with au nanoparticles as catalyst and germanium tetrachloride (gecl4) as a precursor of germanium. au catalysts were deposited on silicon wafer as a thin film, firstly by sputtering technique and secondly by submerging the silicon substrates in au colloidal solution, wh...

Highly oriented (001) AlN (wurtzite type) thin films have been successfully deposited on silicon, platinized silicon and glass substrates by reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering at low temperature (150°C). X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic ellipsometry and scanning electron microscopy techniques have been employed to asses the structural characteristics of the AlN films. We have investi...

Thin tissue autoradiography is an imaging modality where ex-vivo tissue sections are placed in direct contact with autoradiographic film. These tissue sections contain a radiolabelled ligand bound to a specific biomolecule under study. This radioligand emits βor β+ particles ionising silver halide crystals in the film. High spatial resolution autoradiograms are obtained using low energy radiois...

The rapid inward migration of fluoride ions in growing anodic titanium oxide under a high electric field has been elucidated by anodizing a Ti-12 at% silicon alloy, where film growth proceeds at nearly 100% efficiency in selected electrolytes. Further, incorporated silicon species in the anodic film are immobile, acting as marker species. The migration rate of fluoride ions is determined precis...

A view of contemporary systems and control challenges in PV cell manufacturing is given in this paper, with emphasis on developing a modeling strategy for the optimization of thin-film silicon nitride SiNx:H films used for passivation and anti-reflection coatings in single (sc-) and multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cells. The overall framework integrates three modeling modules: a remote p...

A new technique is introduced for both the excitation and the detection of vibrations of micromechanical skuctures. This makes use of a dielectric thin film, sandwiched between lower and upper electrodes, on top of the vibrating structure. The excitation is based on elecbrostatic forces between the charged electrodes, causing deformation of the dielectric film and bending of the multilayer stru...